Device, method, and graphical user interface for manipulating framed graphical objects

ABSTRACT

An electronic device with a touch-sensitive surface, a display, and one or more sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface displays a graphical object inside of a frame on the display, and detects a gesture. Detecting the gesture includes: detecting a contact on the touch-sensitive surface while a focus selector is over the graphical object, and detecting movement of the contact across the touch-sensitive surface. In response to detecting the gesture: in accordance with a determination that the contact meets predefined intensity criteria, the device removes the graphical object from the frame; and in accordance with a determination that the contact does not meet the predefined intensity criteria, the device adjusts an appearance of the graphical object inside of the frame.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a Continuation of PCT Patent Application Serial No.PCT/US2013/040054, filed on May 8, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, andGraphical User Interface for Manipulating Framed Graphical Objects,”which claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional PatentApplication Ser. No. 61/778,156, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled“Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Manipulating FramedGraphical Objects;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/747,278,filed Dec. 29, 2012, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical UserInterface for Manipulating User Interface Objects with Visual and/orHaptic Feedback;” and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.61/688,227, filed May 9, 2012, entitled “Device, Method, and GraphicalUser Interface for Manipulating User Interface Objects with Visualand/or Haptic Feedback,” which applications are incorporated byreference herein in their entireties.

This application is also related to the following: U.S. ProvisionalPatent Application Ser. No. 61/778,092, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled“Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Selecting Objectwithin a Group of Objects;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No.61/778,125, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, andGraphical User Interface for Navigating User Interface Hierarchies;”U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,179, filed on Mar.12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface forScrolling Nested Regions;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No.61/778,171, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, andGraphical User Interface for Displaying Additional Information inResponse to a User Contact;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser.No. 61/778,191, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, andGraphical User Interface for Displaying User Interface ObjectsCorresponding to an Application;” U.S. Provisional Patent ApplicationSer. No. 61/778,211, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method,and Graphical User Interface for Facilitating User Interaction withControls in a User Interface;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser.No. 61/778,239, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, andGraphical User Interface for Forgoing Generation of Tactile Output for aMulti-Contact Gesture;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No.61/778,284, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, andGraphical User Interface for Providing Tactile Feedback for OperationsPerformed in a User Interface;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser.No. 61/778,287, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, andGraphical User Interface for Providing Feedback for Changing ActivationStates of a User Interface Object;” U.S. Provisional Patent ApplicationSer. No. 61/778,363, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method,and Graphical User Interface for Transitioning between Touch Input toDisplay Output Relationships;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser.No. 61/778,367, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, andGraphical User Interface for Moving a User Interface Object Based on anIntensity of a Press Input;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser.No. 61/778,265, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, andGraphical User Interface for Transitioning between Display States inResponse to a Gesture;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No.61/778,373, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, andGraphical User Interface for Managing Activation of a Control Based onContact Intensity;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No.61/778,412, filed on Mar. 13, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, andGraphical User Interface for Displaying Content Associated with aCorresponding Affordance;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No.61/778,413, filed on Mar. 13, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, andGraphical User Interface for Selecting User Interface Objects;” U.S.Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,414, filed on Mar. 13,2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Movingand Dropping a User Interface Object;” U.S. Provisional PatentApplication Ser. No. 61/778,416, filed on Mar. 13, 2013, entitled“Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Determining Whether toScroll or Select Content;” and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser.No. 61/778,418, filed on Mar. 13, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, andGraphical User Interface for Switching between User Interfaces,” whichare incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

This application is also related to the following: U.S. ProvisionalPatent Application Ser. No. 61/645,033, filed on May 9, 2012, entitled“Adaptive Haptic Feedback for Electronic Devices;” U.S. ProvisionalPatent Application Ser. No. 61/665,603, filed on Jun. 28, 2012, entitled“Adaptive Haptic Feedback for Electronic Devices;” and U.S. ProvisionalPatent Application Ser. No. 61/681,098, filed on Aug. 8, 2012, entitled“Adaptive Haptic Feedback for Electronic Devices,” which areincorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This relates generally to electronic devices with touch-sensitivesurfaces, including but not limited to electronic devices withtouch-sensitive surfaces that detect inputs for manipulating userinterfaces.

BACKGROUND

The use of touch-sensitive surfaces as input devices for computers andother electronic computing devices has increased significantly in recentyears. Exemplary touch-sensitive surfaces include touch pads and touchscreen displays. Such surfaces are widely used to manipulate userinterface objects on a display.

Exemplary manipulations include adjusting the position and/or size ofone or more user interface objects or activating buttons or openingfiles/applications represented by user interface objects, as well asassociating metadata with one or more user interface objects orotherwise manipulating user interfaces. Exemplary user interface objectsinclude digital images, video, text, icons, control elements such asbuttons and other graphics. A user will, in some circumstances, need toperform such manipulations on user interface objects in a filemanagement program (e.g., Finder from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.),an image management application (e.g., Aperture or iPhoto from AppleInc. of Cupertino, Calif.), a digital content (e.g., videos and music)management application (e.g., iTunes from Apple Inc. of Cupertino,Calif.), a drawing application, a presentation application (e.g.,Keynote from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.), a word processingapplication (e.g., Pages from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.), awebsite creation application (e.g., iWeb from Apple Inc. of Cupertino,Calif.), a disk authoring application (e.g., iDVD from Apple Inc. ofCupertino, Calif.), or a spreadsheet application (e.g., Numbers fromApple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.).

But existing methods for performing these manipulations are cumbersomeand inefficient. In addition, existing methods take longer thannecessary, thereby wasting energy. This latter consideration isparticularly important in battery-operated devices.

SUMMARY

Accordingly, there is a need for electronic devices with faster, moreefficient methods and interfaces for manipulating user interfaces. Suchmethods and interfaces optionally complement or replace conventionalmethods for manipulating user interfaces. Such methods and interfacesreduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficienthuman-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods andinterfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges.

The above deficiencies and other problems associated with userinterfaces for electronic devices with touch-sensitive surfaces arereduced or eliminated by the disclosed devices. In some embodiments, thedevice is a desktop computer. In some embodiments, the device isportable (e.g., a notebook computer, tablet computer, or handhelddevice). In some embodiments, the device has a touchpad. In someembodiments, the device has a touch-sensitive display (also known as a“touch screen” or “touch screen display”). In some embodiments, thedevice has a graphical user interface (GUI), one or more processors,memory and one or more modules, programs or sets of instructions storedin the memory for performing multiple functions. In some embodiments,the user interacts with the GUI primarily through finger contacts andgestures on the touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, thefunctions optionally include image editing, drawing, presenting, wordprocessing, website creating, disk authoring, spreadsheet making, gameplaying, telephoning, video conferencing, e-mailing, instant messaging,workout support, digital photographing, digital videoing, web browsing,digital music playing, and/or digital video playing. Executableinstructions for performing these functions are, optionally, included ina non-transitory computer readable storage medium or other computerprogram product configured for execution by one or more processors.

There is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficientmethods and interfaces for manipulating framed graphical objects. Suchmethods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methodsfor manipulating framed graphical objects. Such methods and interfacesreduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficienthuman-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods andinterfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges.

In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at anelectronic device with a display, a touch-sensitive surface and one ormore sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitivesurface. The method includes: displaying a graphical object inside of aframe on the display; detecting a gesture, wherein detecting the gestureincludes: detecting a contact on the touch-sensitive surface while afocus selector is over the graphical object; and detecting movement ofthe contact across the touch-sensitive surface; and in response todetecting the gesture: in accordance with a determination that thecontact meets predefined intensity criteria, removing the graphicalobject from the frame; and in accordance with a determination that thecontact does not meet the predefined intensity criteria, adjusting anappearance of the graphical object inside of the frame.

In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes adisplay unit configured to display a graphical object inside of a frame,a touch-sensitive surface unit configured to receive user gestures, oneor more sensor units configured to detect intensity of contacts with thetouch-sensitive surface unit, and a processing unit coupled to thedisplay unit, the touch-sensitive surface unit, and the sensor units.The processing unit is configured to: detect a gesture, whereindetecting the gesture includes detecting a contact on thetouch-sensitive surface unit while a focus selector is over thegraphical object and detecting movement of the contact across thetouch-sensitive surface unit; and in response to detecting the gesture:in accordance with a determination that the contact meets predefinedintensity criteria, remove the graphical object from the frame; and inaccordance with a determination that the contact does not meet thepredefined intensity criteria, adjust an appearance of the graphicalobject inside of the frame.

Thus, electronic devices with displays, touch-sensitive surfaces and oneor more sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitivesurface are provided with faster, more efficient methods and interfacesfor manipulating framed graphical objects, thereby increasing theeffectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction with such devices. Suchmethods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methodsfor manipulating framed graphical objects.

There is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficientmethods and interfaces for manipulating images and masked images. Suchmethods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methodsfor manipulating images and masked images. Such methods and interfacesreduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficienthuman-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods andinterfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges.

In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at anelectronic device with a display, a touch-sensitive surface and one ormore sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitivesurface. The method includes displaying a masked image, where the maskedimage corresponds to an original image that is at least partially hiddenin accordance with a corresponding image mask, and detecting a gesturethat includes a contact on the touch-sensitive surface while a focusselector is over the masked image, and movement of the contact acrossthe touch-sensitive surface. In response to detecting the gesture, inaccordance with a determination that the contact has a maximum intensitythat is below a respective intensity threshold during the gesture,modifying the masked image in accordance with the gesture, wheremodifying the masked image includes concurrently modifying the imagemask and the original image; and in accordance with a determination thatthe contact reaches an intensity during the gesture that is above therespective intensity threshold, adjusting the original image relative tothe image mask in accordance with the gesture.

In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes adisplay unit configured to display a masked image, where the maskedimage corresponds to an original image that is at least partially hiddenin accordance with a corresponding image mask, a touch-sensitive surfaceunit configured to receive user gestures, one or more sensor unitsconfigured to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitivesurface unit, and a processing unit coupled to the display unit, thetouch-sensitive surface unit, and the sensor units. The processing unitis configured to detect a gesture that includes: a contact on thetouch-sensitive surface unit while a focus selector is over the maskedimage, and movement of the contact across the touch-sensitive surfaceunit. The processing unit is further configured to respond to detectingthe gesture, in accordance with a determination that the contact has amaximum intensity that is below a respective intensity threshold duringthe gesture, by modifying the masked image in accordance with thegesture, where modifying the masked image includes concurrentlymodifying the image mask and the original image; and in accordance witha determination that the contact reaches an intensity during the gesturethat is above the respective intensity threshold, by adjusting theoriginal image relative to the image mask in accordance with thegesture.

Thus, electronic devices with displays, touch-sensitive surfaces and oneor more sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitivesurface are provided with faster, more efficient methods and interfacesfor manipulating images and masked images, thereby increasing theeffectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction with such devices. Suchmethods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methodsfor manipulating images and masked images.

There is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficientmethods and interfaces for word spelling correction. Such methods andinterfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for wordspelling correction. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitiveburden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface.For battery-operated devices, such methods and interfaces conserve powerand increase the time between battery charges.

In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at anelectronic device with a display, a touch-sensitive surface and one ormore sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitivesurface. The method includes displaying a plurality of words on thedisplay, where the plurality of words include a misspelled word; andwhile a focus selector is at a location corresponding to the misspelledword, detecting a gesture that includes a contact on the touch-sensitivesurface. The method further includes, in response to detecting thegesture: in accordance with a determination that the contact metpredefined intensity criteria, correcting the misspelled word, and inaccordance with a determination that the contact did not meet thepredefined intensity criteria, displaying a user interface forinteracting with the misspelled word within the plurality of words onthe display.

In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes adisplay unit configured to display a plurality of words, where theplurality of words include a misspelled word; a touch-sensitive surfaceunit configured to receive gestures, the gestures including contacts;one or more sensor units to detect intensity of contacts with thetouch-sensitive surface unit; and a processing unit coupled to thedisplay unit, the touch-sensitive surface unit and the sensor units. Theprocessing unit is configured to: while a focus selector is at alocation corresponding to the misspelled word, detect a gesture thatincludes a contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit. The processingunit is further configured to, in response to detecting the gesture: inaccordance with a determination that the contact met predefinedintensity criteria, correct the misspelled word; and in accordance witha determination that the contact did not meet the predefined intensitycriteria, enable display of a user interface for interacting with themisspelled word within the plurality of words on the display unit.

Thus, electronic devices with displays, touch-sensitive surfaces and oneor more sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitivesurface are provided with faster, more efficient methods and interfacesfor word spelling correction, thereby increasing the effectiveness,efficiency, and user satisfaction with such devices. Such methods andinterfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for wordspelling correction.

There is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficientmethods and interfaces for editing a field in a sheet of an electronicdocument. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replaceconventional methods for manipulating user interface objects. Suchmethods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on a user and producea more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated devices,such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time betweenbattery charges.

In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at anelectronic device with a display, a touch-sensitive surface and one ormore sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitivesurface. The method includes: displaying a respective sheet of anelectronic document having a plurality of sheets, where the respectivesheet includes a plurality of fields for inserting content; and therespective sheet is linked to a template that controls defaultproperties of a respective field of the plurality of fields. The methodfurther includes, while a focus selector is over the respective field,detecting a gesture that includes a press input from a contact on thetouch-sensitive surface; and, in response to detecting the gesture onthe touch-sensitive surface: in accordance with a determination that thepress input had a maximum intensity during the gesture that was below arespective intensity threshold, entering a sheet editing mode forediting content of the respective field in the respective sheet; and inaccordance with a determination that the press input reached anintensity during the gesture that was above the respective intensitythreshold, entering a template editing mode for editing defaultproperties of the respective field in the template.

In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes adisplay unit configured to display displaying a respective sheet of anelectronic document having a plurality of sheets, where the respectivesheet includes a plurality of fields for inserting content; and therespective sheet is linked to a template that controls defaultproperties of a respective field of the plurality of fields; atouch-sensitive surface unit configured to detect a gesture thatincludes a press input from a contact; one or more sensor unitsconfigured to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitivesurface unit; and a processing unit coupled to the display unit, thetouch-sensitive surface unit, and the one or more sensor units. Theprocessing unit is configured to: while a focus selector is over therespective field, detect a gesture that includes a press input from acontact on the touch-sensitive surface; and, in response to detectingthe gesture on the touch-sensitive surface: in accordance with adetermination that the press input had a maximum intensity during thegesture that was below a respective intensity threshold, enter a sheetediting mode for editing content of the respective field in therespective sheet; and in accordance with a determination that the pressinput reached an intensity during the gesture that was above therespective intensity threshold, enter a template editing mode forediting default properties of the respective field in the template.

Thus, electronic devices with displays, touch-sensitive surfaces and oneor more sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitivesurface are provided with faster, more efficient methods and interfacesfor editing a field in a sheet of an electronic document, therebyincreasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction withsuch devices. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replaceconventional methods for editing electronic documents.

There is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficientmethods and interfaces for changing text wrapping properties of a userinterface object in accordance with intensity of a contact on atouch-sensitive surface. Such methods and interfaces may complement orreplace conventional methods for changing text wrapping properties of auser interface object. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitiveburden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface.For battery-operated devices, such methods and interfaces conserve powerand increase the time between battery charges.

In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at anelectronic device with a display, a touch-sensitive surface and one ormore sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitivesurface. The method includes: displaying a document that includes textand a user interface object on the display, where text proximate to theuser interface object is displayed in accordance with first textwrapping properties of the user interface object, and while a focusselector is over the user interface object, detecting a respective pressinput corresponding to from a contact on the touch-sensitive surfacewith intensity above a predefined activation threshold. The methodfurther includes, in response to detecting the respective press input,changing the text wrapping properties of the user interface object tosecond text wrapping properties, distinct from the first text wrappingproperties, and displaying text proximate to the user interface objectin accordance with the second text wrapping properties of the userinterface object.

In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes adisplay unit configured to display a document that includes text and auser interface object on the display unit, where text proximate to theuser interface object is displayed in accordance with first textwrapping properties of the user interface object; a touch-sensitivesurface unit configured to detect a respective press input from acontact on the touch-sensitive surface unit; one or more sensor unitsconfigured to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitivesurface unit; and a processing unit coupled to the display unit, thetouch-sensitive surface unit, and the one or more sensor units. Theprocessing unit is configured to, while a focus selector is over theuser interface object, detect the respective press input from thecontact on the touch-sensitive surface unit with intensity above apredefined activation threshold. The processing unit is furtherconfigured to, in response to detection of the respective press input,change the text wrapping properties of the user interface object tosecond text wrapping properties, distinct from the first text wrappingproperties, and display text proximate to the user interface object inaccordance with the second text wrapping properties of the userinterface object.

Thus, electronic devices with displays, touch-sensitive surfaces and oneor more sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitivesurface are provided with faster, more efficient methods and interfacesfor changing text wrapping properties of a user interface object inaccordance with intensity of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface,thereby increasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfactionwith such devices. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replaceconventional methods for changing text wrapping properties of a userinterface object.

In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes adisplay, a touch-sensitive surface, optionally one or more sensors todetect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface, one ormore processors, memory, and one or more programs; the one or moreprograms are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by theone or more processors and the one or more programs include instructionsfor performing the operations of any of the methods referred to in thefifth paragraph of the Description of Embodiments. In accordance withsome embodiments, a graphical user interface on an electronic devicewith a display, a touch-sensitive surface, optionally one or moresensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitivesurface, a memory, and one or more processors to execute one or moreprograms stored in the memory includes one or more of the elementsdisplayed in any of the methods referred to in the fifth paragraph ofthe Description of Embodiments, which are updated in response to inputs,as described in any of the methods referred to in the fifth paragraph ofthe Description of Embodiments. In accordance with some embodiments, acomputer readable storage medium has stored therein instructions whichwhen executed by an electronic device with a display, a touch-sensitivesurface, and optionally one or more sensors to detect intensity ofcontacts with the touch-sensitive surface, cause the device to performthe operations of any of the methods referred to in the fifth paragraphof the Description of Embodiments . In accordance with some embodiments,an electronic device includes: a display, a touch-sensitive surface, andoptionally one or more sensors to detect intensity of contacts with thetouch-sensitive surface; and means for performing the operations of anyof the methods referred to in the fifth paragraph of the Description ofEmbodiments. In accordance with some embodiments, an informationprocessing apparatus, for use in an electronic device with a display anda touch-sensitive surface, optionally one or more sensors to detectintensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface, includes meansfor performing the operations of any of the methods referred to in thefifth paragraph of the Description of Embodiments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a better understanding of the various described embodiments,reference should be made to the Description of Embodiments below, inconjunction with the following drawings in which like reference numeralsrefer to corresponding parts throughout the figures.

FIG. 1A is a block diagram illustrating a portable multifunction devicewith a touch-sensitive display in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 1B is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components for eventhandling in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 2 illustrates a portable multifunction device having a touch screenin accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an exemplary multifunction device with adisplay and a touch-sensitive surface in accordance with someembodiments.

FIG. 4A illustrates an exemplary user interface for a menu ofapplications on a portable multifunction device in accordance with someembodiments.

FIG. 4B illustrates an exemplary user interface for a multifunctiondevice with a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the displayin accordance with some embodiments.

FIGS. 5A-5F illustrate exemplary user interfaces for manipulating framedgraphical objects in accordance with some embodiments.

FIGS. 6A-6B are flow diagrams illustrating a method of manipulatingframed graphical objects in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 7 is a functional block diagram of an electronic device inaccordance with some embodiments.

FIGS. 8A-8N illustrate exemplary user interfaces for manipulating imagesand masked images in accordance with some embodiments.

FIGS. 9A-9C are flow diagrams illustrating a method of manipulatingimages and masked images in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 10 is a functional block diagram of an electronic device inaccordance with some embodiments.

FIGS. 11A-11DD illustrate exemplary user interfaces for word spellingcorrection in accordance with some embodiments.

FIGS. 12A-12D are flow diagrams illustrating a method of word spellingcorrection in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 13 is a functional block diagram of an electronic device inaccordance with some embodiments.

FIGS. 14A-14N illustrate exemplary user interfaces for editing a fieldin a sheet of an electronic document in accordance with someembodiments.

FIGS. 15A-15C are flow diagrams illustrating a method of editing a fieldin a sheet of an electronic document in accordance with someembodiments.

FIG. 16 is a functional block diagram of an electronic device inaccordance with some embodiments.

FIGS. 17A-17K illustrate components of an electronic device withexemplary user interfaces for changing text wrapping properties of userinterface objects in accordance with some embodiments.

FIGS. 18A-18B are flow diagrams illustrating a method changing for textwrapping properties of user interface objects in accordance with someembodiments.

FIG. 19 is a functional block diagram of an electronic device inaccordance with some embodiments.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

The methods, devices and GUIs described herein provide visual and/orhaptic feedback that makes manipulation of user interface objects moreefficient and intuitive for a user. For example, in a system where theclicking action of a trackpad is decoupled from the contact intensity(e.g., contact force, contact pressure, or a substitute therefore) thatis needed to reach an activation threshold, the device can generatedifferent tactile outputs (e.g., “different clicks”) for differentactivation events (e.g., so that clicks that accomplish a particularresult are differentiated from clicks that do not produce any result orthat accomplish a different result from the particular result).Additionally, tactile outputs can be generated in response to otherevents that are not related to increasing intensity of a contact, suchas generating a tactile output (e.g., a “detent”) when a user interfaceobject is moved to a particular position, boundary or orientation, orwhen an event occurs at the device.

Additionally, in a system where a trackpad or touch-screen display issensitive to a range of contact intensity that includes more than one ortwo specific intensity values (e.g., more than a simple on/off, binaryintensity determination), the user interface can provide responses(e.g., visual or tactile cues) that are indicative of the intensity ofthe contact within the range. In some implementations, apre-activation-threshold response and/or a post-activation-thresholdresponse to an input are displayed as continuous animations. As oneexample of such a response, a preview of an operation is displayed inresponse to detecting an increase in contact intensity that is stillbelow an activation threshold for performing the operation. As anotherexample of such a response, an animation associated with an operationcontinues even after the activation threshold for the operation has beenreached. Both of these examples provide a user with a continuousresponse to the force or pressure of a user's contact, which provides auser with visual and/or haptic feedback that is richer and moreintuitive. More specifically, such continuous force responses give theuser the experience of being able to press lightly to preview anoperation and/or press deeply to push “past” or “through” a predefineduser interface state corresponding to the operation.

Additionally, for a device with a touch-sensitive surface that issensitive to a range of contact intensity, multiple contact intensitythresholds can be monitored by the device and different functions can bemapped to different contact intensity thresholds. This serves toincrease the available “gesture space” providing easy access to advancedfeatures for users who know that increasing the intensity of a contactat or beyond a second “deep press” intensity threshold will cause thedevice to perform a different operation from an operation that would beperformed if the intensity of the contact is between a first“activation” intensity threshold and the second “deep press” intensitythreshold. An advantage of assigning additional functionality to asecond “deep press” intensity threshold while maintaining familiarfunctionality at a first “activation” intensity threshold is thatinexperienced users who are, in some circumstances, confused by theadditional functionality can use the familiar functionality by justapplying an intensity up to the first “activation” intensity threshold,whereas more experienced users can take advantage of the additionalfunctionality by applying an intensity at the second “deep press”intensity threshold.

Additionally, for a device with a touch-sensitive surface that issensitive to a range of contact intensity, the device can provideadditional functionality by allowing users to perform complex operationswith a single continuous contact. For example, when selecting a group ofobjects, a user can move a continuous contact around the touch-sensitivesurface and can press while dragging (e.g., applying an intensitygreater than a “deep press” intensity threshold) to add additionalelements to a selection. In this way, a user can intuitively interactwith a user interface where pressing harder with a contact causesobjects in the user interface to be “stickier.”

A number of different approaches to providing an intuitive userinterface on a device where a clicking action is decoupled from theforce that is needed to reach an activation threshold and/or the deviceis sensitive to a wide range of contact intensities are described below.Using one or more of these approaches (optionally in conjunction witheach other) helps to provide a user interface that intuitively providesusers with additional information and functionality, thereby reducingthe user's cognitive burden and improving the human-machine interface.Such improvements in the human-machine interface enable users to use thedevice faster and more efficiently. For battery-operated devices, theseimprovements conserve power and increase the time between batterycharges. For ease of explanation, systems, methods and user interfacesfor including illustrative examples of some of these approaches aredescribed below, as follows:

-   -   Many electronic devices have graphical user interfaces that        include various graphical objects and frames that are controlled        by a confusing set of overlapping and sometimes conflicting        inputs. The embodiments described below provide a fast,        efficient, and convenient way for users to manipulate the        graphical objects inside, outside, and between frames using        inputs that are differentiated in accordance with an intensity        of the inputs. In particular, FIGS. 5A-5F illustrate exemplary        user interfaces for manipulating framed graphical objects using        gestures on a touch-sensitive surface. FIGS. 6A-6B are flow        diagrams illustrating a method of manipulating framed graphical        objects using gestures on a touch-sensitive surface. The user        interfaces in FIGS. 5A-5F are further used to illustrate the        processes described below with reference to FIGS. 6A-6B.    -   Many electronic devices have graphical user interfaces that        include various masked images that are controlled by a confusing        set of overlapping and sometimes conflicting inputs. The        embodiments described below provide a fast, efficient, and        convenient way for users to transition between modifying the        masked image (the image mask and the original image        concurrently) and modifying the original image corresponding to        the masked image using inputs that are differentiated in        accordance with an intensity of the inputs. In particular, FIGS.        8A-8N illustrate exemplary user interfaces for manipulating        images and masked images. FIGS. 9A-9C are flow diagrams        illustrating a method of manipulating images and masked images.        The user interfaces in FIGS. 8A-8N are further used to        illustrate the processes described below with reference to FIGS.        9A-9C.    -   When a user is editing text in an electronic document, the user        may wish to correct spelling of a misspelled word in the text,        some applications have separate spelling correction interfaces        that are accessed through a complex sequence of gestures or        other inputs however these interfaces are cumbersome and        inefficient for correcting spelling errors. The embodiments        described below provide efficient and intuitive methods of        correcting misspelled words in response to detecting a gesture        with contact that meets predefined intensity criteria while a        focus selector is located over the misspelled word. In        particular, FIGS. 11A-11DD illustrate exemplary user interfaces        for word spelling correction. FIGS. 12A-12D are flow diagrams        illustrating a method of word spelling correction. The user        interfaces in FIGS. 11A-11DD are used to illustrate the        processes in FIGS. 12A-12D.    -   Many electronic devices use graphical user interfaces to display        electronic documents, some of which include sheets (e.g., sheets        of a spreadsheet, or pages of a word processing document)        however switching between editing the electronic document and        templates for the electronic document sometimes takes a large        number of distinct inputs that can be confusing and inefficient        for the user. The embodiments described below provide a fast,        efficient, convenient manner in which to determine whether to        edit content of a field in a sheet or to edit default properties        of the field in a template for the sheet based on an intensity        of a contact while a focus selector is over the field. In        particular, FIGS. 14A-14N illustrate exemplary user interfaces        for editing a field in a sheet of an electronic document. FIGS.        15A-15C are flow diagrams illustrating a method of editing a        field in a sheet of an electronic document. The user interfaces        in FIGS. 14A-14N are used to illustrate the processes in FIGS.        15A-15C.    -   Many electronic devices use graphical user interfaces to display        user interface objects. Often, these objects are displayed        according to a particular relationships relative to one another        (e.g., z-order or text wrapping properties) however changing the        text wrapping properties of a user interface object sometimes        takes a large number of distinct inputs that can be confusing        and inefficient for the user. The embodiments described below        provide methods and user interfaces for changing text wrapping        properties of a user interface objects in a fast, efficient, and        convenient way based on an intensity of a contact while a focus        selector is over the user interface object. In particular, FIGS.        17A-17K illustrate exemplary user interfaces for changing text        wrapping properties of a user interface object in accordance        with intensity of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface. FIGS.        18A-18B are flow diagrams illustrating a method of changing text        wrapping properties of a user interface object in accordance        with intensity of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface. The        user interfaces in FIGS. 17A-17K are used to illustrate the        processes in FIGS. 18A-18B.

Exemplary Devices

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of whichare illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following detaileddescription, numerous specific details are set forth in order to providea thorough understanding of the various described embodiments. However,it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the variousdescribed embodiments may be practiced without these specific details.In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components,circuits, and networks have not been described in detail so as not tounnecessarily obscure aspects of the embodiments.

It will also be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc.are, in some instances, used herein to describe various elements, theseelements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only usedto distinguish one element from another. For example, a first contactcould be termed a second contact, and, similarly, a second contact couldbe termed a first contact, without departing from the scope of thevarious described embodiments. The first contact and the second contactare both contacts, but they are not the same contact.

The terminology used in the description of the various describedembodiments herein is for the purpose of describing particularembodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used in thedescription of the various described embodiments and the appendedclaims, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to includethe plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicatesotherwise. It will also be understood that the term “and/or” as usedherein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations ofone or more of the associated listed items. It will be furtherunderstood that the terms “includes,” “including,” “comprises,” and/or“comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence ofstated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/orcomponents, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or moreother features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components,and/or groups thereof.

As used herein, the term “if” is, optionally, construed to mean “when”or “upon” or “in response to determining” or “in response to detecting,”depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase “if it is determined” or“if [a stated condition or event] is detected” is, optionally, construedto mean “upon determining” or “in response to determining” or “upondetecting [the stated condition or event]” or “in response to detecting[the stated condition or event],” depending on the context.

Embodiments of electronic devices, user interfaces for such devices, andassociated processes for using such devices are described. In someembodiments, the device is a portable communications device, such as amobile telephone, that also contains other functions, such as PDA and/ormusic player functions. Exemplary embodiments of portable multifunctiondevices include, without limitation, the iPhone®, iPod Touch®, and iPad®devices from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif. Other portable electronicdevices, such as laptops or tablet computers with touch-sensitivesurfaces (e.g., touch screen displays and/or touch pads), are,optionally, used. It should also be understood that, in someembodiments, the device is not a portable communications device, but isa desktop computer with a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch screendisplay and/or a touch pad).

In the discussion that follows, an electronic device that includes adisplay and a touch-sensitive surface is described. It should beunderstood, however, that the electronic device optionally includes oneor more other physical user-interface devices, such as a physicalkeyboard, a mouse and/or a joystick.

The device typically supports a variety of applications, such as one ormore of the following: a drawing application, a presentationapplication, a word processing application, a website creationapplication, a disk authoring application, a spreadsheet application, agaming application, a telephone application, a video conferencingapplication, an e-mail application, an instant messaging application, aworkout support application, a photo management application, a digitalcamera application, a digital video camera application, a web browsingapplication, a digital music player application, and/or a digital videoplayer application.

The various applications that are executed on the device optionally useat least one common physical user-interface device, such as thetouch-sensitive surface. One or more functions of the touch-sensitivesurface as well as corresponding information displayed on the deviceare, optionally, adjusted and/or varied from one application to the nextand/or within a respective application. In this way, a common physicalarchitecture (such as the touch-sensitive surface) of the deviceoptionally supports the variety of applications with user interfacesthat are intuitive and transparent to the user.

Attention is now directed toward embodiments of portable devices withtouch-sensitive displays. FIG. 1A is a block diagram illustratingportable multifunction device 100 with touch-sensitive displays 112 inaccordance with some embodiments. Touch-sensitive display 112 issometimes called a “touch screen” for convenience, and is sometimesknown as or called a touch-sensitive display system. Device 100 includesmemory 102 (which optionally includes one or more computer readablestorage mediums), memory controller 122, one or more processing units(CPU's) 120, peripherals interface 118, RF circuitry 108, audiocircuitry 110, speaker 111, microphone 113, input/output (I/O) subsystem106, other input or control devices 116, and external port 124. Device100 optionally includes one or more optical sensors 164. Device 100optionally includes one or more intensity sensors 165 for detectingintensity of contacts on device 100 (e.g., a touch-sensitive surfacesuch as touch-sensitive display system 112 of device 100). Device 100optionally includes one or more tactile output generators 167 forgenerating tactile outputs on device 100 (e.g., generating tactileoutputs on a touch-sensitive surface such as touch-sensitive displaysystem 112 of device 100 or touchpad 355 of device 300). Thesecomponents optionally communicate over one or more communication busesor signal lines 103.

As used in the specification and claims, the term “intensity” of acontact on a touch-sensitive surface refers to the force or pressure(force per unit area) of a contact (e.g., a finger contact) on the touchsensitive surface, or to a substitute (proxy) for the force or pressureof a contact on the touch sensitive surface. The intensity of a contacthas a range of values that includes at least four distinct values andmore typically includes hundreds of distinct values (e.g., at least256). Intensity of a contact is, optionally, determined (or measured)using various approaches and various sensors or combinations of sensors.For example, one or more force sensors underneath or adjacent to thetouch-sensitive surface are, optionally, used to measure force atvarious points on the touch-sensitive surface. In some implementations,force measurements from multiple force sensors are combined (e.g., aweighted average) to determine an estimated force of a contact.Similarly, a pressure-sensitive tip of a stylus is, optionally, used todetermine a pressure of the stylus on the touch-sensitive surface.Alternatively, the size of the contact area detected on thetouch-sensitive surface and/or changes thereto, the capacitance of thetouch-sensitive surface proximate to the contact and/or changes thereto,and/or the resistance of the touch-sensitive surface proximate to thecontact and/or changes thereto are, optionally, used as a substitute forthe force or pressure of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface. Insome implementations, the substitute measurements for contact force orpressure are used directly to determine whether an intensity thresholdhas been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is described in unitscorresponding to the substitute measurements). In some implementations,the substitute measurements for contact force or pressure are convertedto an estimated force or pressure and the estimated force or pressure isused to determine whether an intensity threshold has been exceeded(e.g., the intensity threshold is a pressure threshold measured in unitsof pressure).

As used in the specification and claims, the term “tactile output”refers to physical displacement of a device relative to a previousposition of the device, physical displacement of a component (e.g., atouch-sensitive surface) of a device relative to another component(e.g., housing) of the device, or displacement of the component relativeto a center of mass of the device that will be detected by a user withthe user's sense of touch. For example, in situations where the deviceor the component of the device is in contact with a surface of a userthat is sensitive to touch (e.g., a finger, palm, or other part of auser's hand), the tactile output generated by the physical displacementwill be interpreted by the user as a tactile sensation corresponding toa perceived change in physical characteristics of the device or thecomponent of the device. For example, movement of a touch-sensitivesurface (e.g., a touch-sensitive display or trackpad) is, optionally,interpreted by the user as a “down click” or “up click” of a physicalactuator button. In some cases, a user will feel a tactile sensationsuch as an “down click” or “up click” even when there is no movement ofa physical actuator button associated with the touch-sensitive surfacethat is physically pressed (e.g., displaced) by the user's movements. Asanother example, movement of the touch-sensitive surface is, optionally,interpreted or sensed by the user as “roughness” of the touch-sensitivesurface, even when there is no change in smoothness of thetouch-sensitive surface. While such interpretations of touch by a userwill be subject to the individualized sensory perceptions of the user,there are many sensory perceptions of touch that are common to a largemajority of users. Thus, when a tactile output is described ascorresponding to a particular sensory perception of a user (e.g., an “upclick,” a “down click,” “roughness”), unless otherwise stated, thegenerated tactile output corresponds to physical displacement of thedevice or a component thereof that will generate the described sensoryperception for a typical (or average) user.

It should be appreciated that device 100 is only one example of aportable multifunction device, and that device 100 optionally has moreor fewer components than shown, optionally combines two or morecomponents, or optionally has a different configuration or arrangementof the components. The various components shown in FIG. 1A areimplemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both hardware andsoftware, including one or more signal processing and/or applicationspecific integrated circuits.

Memory 102 optionally includes high-speed random access memory andoptionally also includes non-volatile memory, such as one or moremagnetic disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or othernon-volatile solid-state memory devices. Access to memory 102 by othercomponents of device 100, such as CPU 120 and the peripherals interface118, is, optionally, controlled by memory controller 122.

Peripherals interface 118 can be used to couple input and outputperipherals of the device to CPU 120 and memory 102. The one or moreprocessors 120 run or execute various software programs and/or sets ofinstructions stored in memory 102 to perform various functions fordevice 100 and to process data.

In some embodiments, peripherals interface 118, CPU 120, and memorycontroller 122 are, optionally, implemented on a single chip, such aschip 104. In some other embodiments, they are, optionally, implementedon separate chips.

RF (radio frequency) circuitry 108 receives and sends RF signals, alsocalled electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry 108 converts electricalsignals to/from electromagnetic signals and communicates withcommunications networks and other communications devices via theelectromagnetic signals. RF circuitry 108 optionally includes well-knowncircuitry for performing these functions, including but not limited toan antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner,one or more oscillators, a digital signal processor, a CODEC chipset, asubscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory, and so forth. RFcircuitry 108 optionally communicates with networks, such as theInternet, also referred to as the World Wide Web (WWW), an intranetand/or a wireless network, such as a cellular telephone network, awireless local area network (LAN) and/or a metropolitan area network(MAN), and other devices by wireless communication. The wirelesscommunication optionally uses any of a plurality of communicationsstandards, protocols and technologies, including but not limited toGlobal System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data GSMEnvironment (EDGE), high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA),high-speed uplink packet access (HSUPA), Evolution, Data-Only (EV-DO),HSPA, HSPA+, Dual-Cell HSPA (DC-HSPDA), long term evolution (LTE), nearfield communication (NFC), wideband code division multiple access(W-CDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multipleaccess (TDMA), Bluetooth, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) (e.g., IEEE 802.11a,IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g and/or IEEE 802.11n), voice over InternetProtocol (VoIP), Wi-MAX, a protocol for e-mail (e.g., Internet messageaccess protocol (IMAP) and/or post office protocol (POP)), instantmessaging (e.g., extensible messaging and presence protocol (XMPP),Session Initiation Protocol for Instant Messaging and PresenceLeveraging Extensions (SIMPLE), Instant Messaging and Presence Service(IMPS)), and/or Short Message Service (SMS), or any other suitablecommunication protocol, including communication protocols not yetdeveloped as of the filing date of this document.

Audio circuitry 110, speaker 111, and microphone 113 provide an audiointerface between a user and device 100. Audio circuitry 110 receivesaudio data from peripherals interface 118, converts the audio data to anelectrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to speaker 111.Speaker 111 converts the electrical signal to human-audible sound waves.Audio circuitry 110 also receives electrical signals converted bymicrophone 113 from sound waves. Audio circuitry 110 converts theelectrical signal to audio data and transmits the audio data toperipherals interface 118 for processing. Audio data is, optionally,retrieved from and/or transmitted to memory 102 and/or RF circuitry 108by peripherals interface 118. In some embodiments, audio circuitry 110also includes a headset jack (e.g., 212, FIG. 2). The headset jackprovides an interface between audio circuitry 110 and removable audioinput/output peripherals, such as output-only headphones or a headsetwith both output (e.g., a headphone for one or both ears) and input(e.g., a microphone).

I/O subsystem 106 couples input/output peripherals on device 100, suchas touch screen 112 and other input control devices 116, to peripheralsinterface 118. I/O subsystem 106 optionally includes display controller156, optical sensor controller 158, intensity sensor controller 159,haptic feedback controller 161 and one or more input controllers 160 forother input or control devices. The one or more input controllers 160receive/send electrical signals from/to other input or control devices116. The other input control devices 116 optionally include physicalbuttons (e.g., push buttons, rocker buttons, etc.), dials, sliderswitches, joysticks, click wheels, and so forth. In some alternateembodiments, input controller(s) 160 are, optionally, coupled to any (ornone) of the following: a keyboard, infrared port, USB port, and apointer device such as a mouse. The one or more buttons (e.g., 208, FIG.2) optionally include an up/down button for volume control of speaker111 and/or microphone 113. The one or more buttons optionally include apush button (e.g., 206, FIG. 2).

Touch-sensitive display 112 provides an input interface and an outputinterface between the device and a user. Display controller 156 receivesand/or sends electrical signals from/to touch screen 112. Touch screen112 displays visual output to the user. The visual output optionallyincludes graphics, text, icons, video, and any combination thereof(collectively termed “graphics”). In some embodiments, some or all ofthe visual output corresponds to user-interface objects.

Touch screen 112 has a touch-sensitive surface, sensor or set of sensorsthat accepts input from the user based on haptic and/or tactile contact.Touch screen 112 and display controller 156 (along with any associatedmodules and/or sets of instructions in memory 102) detect contact (andany movement or breaking of the contact) on touch screen 112 andconverts the detected contact into interaction with user-interfaceobjects (e.g., one or more soft keys, icons, web pages or images) thatare displayed on touch screen 112. In an exemplary embodiment, a pointof contact between touch screen 112 and the user corresponds to a fingerof the user.

Touch screen 112 optionally uses LCD (liquid crystal display)technology, LPD (light emitting polymer display) technology, or LED(light emitting diode) technology, although other display technologiesare used in other embodiments. Touch screen 112 and display controller156 optionally detect contact and any movement or breaking thereof usingany of a plurality of touch sensing technologies now known or laterdeveloped, including but not limited to capacitive, resistive, infrared,and surface acoustic wave technologies, as well as other proximitysensor arrays or other elements for determining one or more points ofcontact with touch screen 112. In an exemplary embodiment, projectedmutual capacitance sensing technology is used, such as that found in theiPhone®, iPod Touch®, and iPad® from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.

Touch screen 112 optionally has a video resolution in excess of 100 dpi.In some embodiments, the touch screen has a video resolution ofapproximately 160 dpi. The user optionally makes contact with touchscreen 112 using any suitable object or appendage, such as a stylus, afinger, and so forth. In some embodiments, the user interface isdesigned to work primarily with finger-based contacts and gestures,which can be less precise than stylus-based input due to the larger areaof contact of a finger on the touch screen. In some embodiments, thedevice translates the rough finger-based input into a precisepointer/cursor position or command for performing the actions desired bythe user.

In some embodiments, in addition to the touch screen, device 100optionally includes a touchpad (not shown) for activating ordeactivating particular functions. In some embodiments, the touchpad isa touch-sensitive area of the device that, unlike the touch screen, doesnot display visual output. The touchpad is, optionally, atouch-sensitive surface that is separate from touch screen 112 or anextension of the touch-sensitive surface formed by the touch screen.

Device 100 also includes power system 162 for powering the variouscomponents. Power system 162 optionally includes a power managementsystem, one or more power sources (e.g., battery, alternating current(AC)), a recharging system, a power failure detection circuit, a powerconverter or inverter, a power status indicator (e.g., a light-emittingdiode (LED)) and any other components associated with the generation,management and distribution of power in portable devices.

Device 100 optionally also includes one or more optical sensors 164.FIG. 1A shows an optical sensor coupled to optical sensor controller 158in I/O subsystem 106. Optical sensor 164 optionally includescharge-coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide semiconductor(CMOS) phototransistors. Optical sensor 164 receives light from theenvironment, projected through one or more lens, and converts the lightto data representing an image. In conjunction with imaging module 143(also called a camera module), optical sensor 164 optionally capturesstill images or video. In some embodiments, an optical sensor is locatedon the back of device 100, opposite touch screen display 112 on thefront of the device, so that the touch screen display is enabled for useas a viewfinder for still and/or video image acquisition. In someembodiments, another optical sensor is located on the front of thedevice so that the user's image is, optionally, obtained forvideoconferencing while the user views the other video conferenceparticipants on the touch screen display.

Device 100 optionally also includes one or more contact intensitysensors 165. FIG. 1A shows a contact intensity sensor coupled tointensity sensor controller 159 in I/O subsystem 106. Contact intensitysensor 165 optionally includes one or more piezoresistive strain gauges,capacitive force sensors, electric force sensors, piezoelectric forcesensors, optical force sensors, capacitive touch-sensitive surfaces, orother intensity sensors (e.g., sensors used to measure the force (orpressure) of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface). Contact intensitysensor 165 receives contact intensity information (e.g., pressureinformation or a proxy for pressure information) from the environment.In some embodiments, at least one contact intensity sensor is collocatedwith, or proximate to, a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitivedisplay system 112). In some embodiments, at least one contact intensitysensor is located on the back of device 100, opposite touch screendisplay 112 which is located on the front of device 100.

Device 100 optionally also includes one or more proximity sensors 166.FIG. 1A shows proximity sensor 166 coupled to peripherals interface 118.Alternately, proximity sensor 166 is coupled to input controller 160 inI/O subsystem 106. In some embodiments, the proximity sensor turns offand disables touch screen 112 when the multifunction device is placednear the user's ear (e.g., when the user is making a phone call).

Device 100 optionally also includes one or more tactile outputgenerators 167. FIG. 1A shows a tactile output generator coupled tohaptic feedback controller 161 in I/O subsystem 106. Tactile outputgenerator 167 optionally includes one or more electroacoustic devicessuch as speakers or other audio components and/or electromechanicaldevices that convert energy into linear motion such as a motor,solenoid, electroactive polymer, piezoelectric actuator, electrostaticactuator, or other tactile output generating component (e.g., acomponent that converts electrical signals into tactile outputs on thedevice). Contact intensity sensor 165 receives tactile feedbackgeneration instructions from haptic feedback module 133 and generatestactile outputs on device 100 that are capable of being sensed by a userof device 100. In some embodiments, at least one tactile outputgenerator is collocated with, or proximate to, a touch-sensitive surface(e.g., touch-sensitive display system 112) and, optionally, generates atactile output by moving the touch-sensitive surface vertically (e.g.,in/out of a surface of device 100) or laterally (e.g., back and forth inthe same plane as a surface of device 100). In some embodiments, atleast one tactile output generator sensor is located on the back ofdevice 100, opposite touch screen display 112 which is located on thefront of device 100.

Device 100 optionally also includes one or more accelerometers 168. FIG.1A shows accelerometer 168 coupled to peripherals interface 118.Alternately, accelerometer 168 is, optionally, coupled to an inputcontroller 160 in I/O subsystem 106. In some embodiments, information isdisplayed on the touch screen display in a portrait view or a landscapeview based on an analysis of data received from the one or moreaccelerometers. Device 100 optionally includes, in addition toaccelerometer(s) 168, a magnetometer (not shown) and a GPS (or GLONASSor other global navigation system) receiver (not shown) for obtaininginformation concerning the location and orientation (e.g., portrait orlandscape) of device 100.

In some embodiments, the software components stored in memory 102include operating system 126, communication module (or set ofinstructions) 128, contact/motion module (or set of instructions) 130,graphics module (or set of instructions) 132, text input module (or setof instructions) 134, Global Positioning System (GPS) module (or set ofinstructions) 135, and applications (or sets of instructions) 136.Furthermore, in some embodiments memory 102 stores device/globalinternal state 157, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 3. Device/global internalstate 157 includes one or more of: active application state, indicatingwhich applications, if any, are currently active; display state,indicating what applications, views or other information occupy variousregions of touch screen display 112; sensor state, including informationobtained from the device's various sensors and input control devices116; and location information concerning the device's location and/orattitude.

Operating system 126 (e.g., Darwin, RTXC, LINUX, UNIX, OS X, WINDOWS, oran embedded operating system such as VxWorks) includes various softwarecomponents and/or drivers for controlling and managing general systemtasks (e.g., memory management, storage device control, powermanagement, etc.) and facilitates communication between various hardwareand software components.

Communication module 128 facilitates communication with other devicesover one or more external ports 124 and also includes various softwarecomponents for handling data received by RF circuitry 108 and/orexternal port 124. External port 124 (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB),FIREWIRE, etc.) is adapted for coupling directly to other devices orindirectly over a network (e.g., the Internet, wireless LAN, etc.). Insome embodiments, the external port is a multi-pin (e.g., 30-pin)connector that is the same as, or similar to and/or compatible with the30-pin connector used on iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.) devices.

Contact/motion module 130 optionally detects contact with touch screen112 (in conjunction with display controller 156) and other touchsensitive devices (e.g., a touchpad or physical click wheel).Contact/motion module 130 includes various software components forperforming various operations related to detection of contact, such asdetermining if contact has occurred (e.g., detecting a finger-downevent), determining an intensity of the contact (e.g., the force orpressure of the contact or a substitute for the force or pressure of thecontact) determining if there is movement of the contact and trackingthe movement across the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., detecting one ormore finger-dragging events), and determining if the contact has ceased(e.g., detecting a finger-up event or a break in contact).Contact/motion module 130 receives contact data from the touch-sensitivesurface. Determining movement of the point of contact, which isrepresented by a series of contact data, optionally includes determiningspeed (magnitude), velocity (magnitude and direction), and/or anacceleration (a change in magnitude and/or direction) of the point ofcontact. These operations are, optionally, applied to single contacts(e.g., one finger contacts) or to multiple simultaneous contacts (e.g.,“multitouch”/multiple finger contacts). In some embodiments,contact/motion module 130 and display controller 156 detect contact on atouchpad.

In some embodiments, contact/motion module 130 uses a set of one or moreintensity thresholds to determine whether an operation has beenperformed by a user (e.g., to determine whether a user has “clicked” onan icon). In some embodiments at least a subset of the intensitythresholds are determined in accordance with software parameters (e.g.,the intensity thresholds are not determined by the activation thresholdsof particular physical actuators and can be adjusted without changingthe physical hardware of device 100). For example, a mouse “click”threshold of a trackpad or touch screen display can be set to any of alarge range of predefined thresholds values without changing thetrackpad or touch screen display hardware. Additionally, in someimplementations a user of the device is provided with software settingsfor adjusting one or more of the set of intensity thresholds (e.g., byadjusting individual intensity thresholds and/or by adjusting aplurality of intensity thresholds at once with a system-level click“intensity” parameter).

Contact/motion module 130 optionally detects a gesture input by a user.Different gestures on the touch-sensitive surface have different contactpatterns and intensities. Thus, a gesture is, optionally, detected bydetecting a particular contact pattern. For example, detecting a fingertap gesture includes detecting a finger-down event followed by detectinga finger-up (lift off) event at the same position (or substantially thesame position) as the finger-down event (e.g., at the position of anicon). As another example, detecting a finger swipe gesture on thetouch-sensitive surface includes detecting a finger-down event followedby detecting one or more finger-dragging events, and subsequentlyfollowed by detecting a finger-up (lift off) event.

Graphics module 132 includes various known software components forrendering and displaying graphics on touch screen 112 or other display,including components for changing the visual impact (e.g., brightness,transparency, saturation, contrast or other visual property) of graphicsthat are displayed. As used herein, the term “graphics” includes anyobject that can be displayed to a user, including without limitationtext, web pages, icons (such as user-interface objects including softkeys), digital images, videos, animations and the like.

In some embodiments, graphics module 132 stores data representinggraphics to be used. Each graphic is, optionally, assigned acorresponding code. Graphics module 132 receives, from applicationsetc., one or more codes specifying graphics to be displayed along with,if necessary, coordinate data and other graphic property data, and thengenerates screen image data to output to display controller 156.

Haptic feedback module 133 includes various software components forgenerating instructions used by tactile output generator(s) 167 toproduce tactile outputs at one or more locations on device 100 inresponse to user interactions with device 100.

Text input module 134, which is, optionally, a component of graphicsmodule 132, provides soft keyboards for entering text in variousapplications (e.g., contacts 137, e-mail 140, IM 141, browser 147, andany other application that needs text input).

GPS module 135 determines the location of the device and provides thisinformation for use in various applications (e.g., to telephone 138 foruse in location-based dialing, to camera 143 as picture/video metadata,and to applications that provide location-based services such as weatherwidgets, local yellow page widgets, and map/navigation widgets).

Applications 136 optionally include the following modules (or sets ofinstructions), or a subset or superset thereof:

-   -   contacts module 137 (sometimes called an address book or contact        list);    -   telephone module 138;    -   video conferencing module 139;    -   e-mail client module 140;    -   instant messaging (IM) module 141;    -   workout support module 142;    -   camera module 143 for still and/or video images;    -   image management module 144;    -   browser module 147;    -   calendar module 148;    -   widget modules 149, which optionally include one or more of:        weather widget 149-1, stocks widget 149-2, calculator widget        149-3, alarm clock widget 149-4, dictionary widget 149-5, and        other widgets obtained by the user, as well as user-created        widgets 149-6;    -   widget creator module 150 for making user-created widgets 149-6;    -   search module 151;    -   video and music player module 152, which is, optionally, made up        of a video player module and a music player module;    -   notes module 153;    -   map module 154; and/or    -   online video module 155.

Examples of other applications 136 that are, optionally, stored inmemory 102 include other word processing applications, other imageediting applications, drawing applications, presentation applications,JAVA-enabled applications, encryption, digital rights management, voicerecognition, and voice replication.

In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, contactmodule 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, contactsmodule 137 are, optionally, used to manage an address book or contactlist (e.g., stored in application internal state 192 of contacts module137 in memory 102 or memory 370), including: adding name(s) to theaddress book; deleting name(s) from the address book; associatingtelephone number(s), e-mail address(es), physical address(es) or otherinformation with a name; associating an image with a name; categorizingand sorting names; providing telephone numbers or e-mail addresses toinitiate and/or facilitate communications by telephone 138, videoconference 139, e-mail 140, or IM 141; and so forth.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, audio circuitry 110, speaker 111,microphone 113, touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact module130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, telephone module138 are, optionally, used to enter a sequence of characterscorresponding to a telephone number, access one or more telephonenumbers in address book 137, modify a telephone number that has beenentered, dial a respective telephone number, conduct a conversation anddisconnect or hang up when the conversation is completed. As notedabove, the wireless communication optionally uses any of a plurality ofcommunications standards, protocols and technologies.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, audio circuitry 110, speaker 111,microphone 113, touch screen 112, display controller 156, optical sensor164, optical sensor controller 158, contact module 130, graphics module132, text input module 134, contact list 137, and telephone module 138,videoconferencing module 139 includes executable instructions toinitiate, conduct, and terminate a video conference between a user andone or more other participants in accordance with user instructions.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, displaycontroller 156, contact module 130, graphics module 132, and text inputmodule 134, e-mail client module 140 includes executable instructions tocreate, send, receive, and manage e-mail in response to userinstructions. In conjunction with image management module 144, e-mailclient module 140 makes it very easy to create and send e-mails withstill or video images taken with camera module 143.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, displaycontroller 156, contact module 130, graphics module 132, and text inputmodule 134, the instant messaging module 141 includes executableinstructions to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to aninstant message, to modify previously entered characters, to transmit arespective instant message (for example, using a Short Message Service(SMS) or Multimedia Message Service (MMS) protocol for telephony-basedinstant messages or using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS for Internet-basedinstant messages), to receive instant messages and to view receivedinstant messages. In some embodiments, transmitted and/or receivedinstant messages optionally include graphics, photos, audio files, videofiles and/or other attachments as are supported in a MMS and/or anEnhanced Messaging Service (EMS). As used herein, “instant messaging”refers to both telephony-based messages (e.g., messages sent using SMSor MMS) and Internet-based messages (e.g., messages sent using XMPP,SIMPLE, or IMPS).

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, displaycontroller 156, contact module 130, graphics module 132, text inputmodule 134, GPS module 135, map module 154, and music player module 146,workout support module 142 includes executable instructions to createworkouts (e.g., with time, distance, and/or calorie burning goals);communicate with workout sensors (sports devices); receive workoutsensor data; calibrate sensors used to monitor a workout; select andplay music for a workout; and display, store and transmit workout data.

In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, opticalsensor(s) 164, optical sensor controller 158, contact module 130,graphics module 132, and image management module 144, camera module 143includes executable instructions to capture still images or video(including a video stream) and store them into memory 102, modifycharacteristics of a still image or video, or delete a still image orvideo from memory 102.

In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, contactmodule 130, graphics module 132, text input module 134, and cameramodule 143, image management module 144 includes executable instructionsto arrange, modify (e.g., edit), or otherwise manipulate, label, delete,present (e.g., in a digital slide show or album), and store still and/orvideo images.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, display systemcontroller 156, contact module 130, graphics module 132, and text inputmodule 134, browser module 147 includes executable instructions tobrowse the Internet in accordance with user instructions, includingsearching, linking to, receiving, and displaying web pages or portionsthereof, as well as attachments and other files linked to web pages.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, display systemcontroller 156, contact module 130, graphics module 132, text inputmodule 134, e-mail client module 140, and browser module 147, calendarmodule 148 includes executable instructions to create, display, modify,and store calendars and data associated with calendars (e.g., calendarentries, to do lists, etc.) in accordance with user instructions.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, display systemcontroller 156, contact module 130, graphics module 132, text inputmodule 134, and browser module 147, widget modules 149 aremini-applications that are, optionally, downloaded and used by a user(e.g., weather widget 149-1, stocks widget 149-2, calculator widget149-3, alarm clock widget 149-4, and dictionary widget 149-5) or createdby the user (e.g., user-created widget 149-6). In some embodiments, awidget includes an HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) file, a CSS(Cascading Style Sheets) file, and a JavaScript file. In someembodiments, a widget includes an XML (Extensible Markup Language) fileand a JavaScript file (e.g., Yahoo! Widgets).

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, display systemcontroller 156, contact module 130, graphics module 132, text inputmodule 134, and browser module 147, the widget creator module 150 are,optionally, used by a user to create widgets (e.g., turning auser-specified portion of a web page into a widget).

In conjunction with touch screen 112, display system controller 156,contact module 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134,search module 151 includes executable instructions to search for text,music, sound, image, video, and/or other files in memory 102 that matchone or more search criteria (e.g., one or more user-specified searchterms) in accordance with user instructions.

In conjunction with touch screen 112, display system controller 156,contact module 130, graphics module 132, audio circuitry 110, speaker111, RF circuitry 108, and browser module 147, video and music playermodule 152 includes executable instructions that allow the user todownload and play back recorded music and other sound files stored inone or more file formats, such as MP3 or AAC files, and executableinstructions to display, present or otherwise play back videos (e.g., ontouch screen 112 or on an external, connected display via external port124). In some embodiments, device 100 optionally includes thefunctionality of an MP3 player, such as an iPod (trademark of AppleInc.).

In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, contactmodule 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, notes module153 includes executable instructions to create and manage notes, to dolists, and the like in accordance with user instructions.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, display systemcontroller 156, contact module 130, graphics module 132, text inputmodule 134, GPS module 135, and browser module 147, map module 154 are,optionally, used to receive, display, modify, and store maps and dataassociated with maps (e.g., driving directions; data on stores and otherpoints of interest at or near a particular location; and otherlocation-based data) in accordance with user instructions.

In conjunction with touch screen 112, display system controller 156,contact module 130, graphics module 132, audio circuitry 110, speaker111, RF circuitry 108, text input module 134, e-mail client module 140,and browser module 147, online video module 155 includes instructionsthat allow the user to access, browse, receive (e.g., by streamingand/or download), play back (e.g., on the touch screen or on anexternal, connected display via external port 124), send an e-mail witha link to a particular online video, and otherwise manage online videosin one or more file formats, such as H.264. In some embodiments, instantmessaging module 141, rather than e-mail client module 140, is used tosend a link to a particular online video.

Each of the above identified modules and applications correspond to aset of executable instructions for performing one or more functionsdescribed above and the methods described in this application (e.g., thecomputer-implemented methods and other information processing methodsdescribed herein). These modules (i.e., sets of instructions) need notbe implemented as separate software programs, procedures or modules, andthus various subsets of these modules are, optionally, combined orotherwise re-arranged in various embodiments. In some embodiments,memory 102 optionally stores a subset of the modules and data structuresidentified above. Furthermore, memory 102 optionally stores additionalmodules and data structures not described above.

In some embodiments, device 100 is a device where operation of apredefined set of functions on the device is performed exclusivelythrough a touch screen and/or a touchpad. By using a touch screen and/ora touchpad as the primary input control device for operation of device100, the number of physical input control devices (such as push buttons,dials, and the like) on device 100 is, optionally, reduced.

The predefined set of functions that are performed exclusively through atouch screen and/or a touchpad optionally include navigation betweenuser interfaces. In some embodiments, the touchpad, when touched by theuser, navigates device 100 to a main, home, or root menu from any userinterface that is displayed on device 100. In such embodiments, a “menubutton” is implemented using a touchpad. In some other embodiments, themenu button is a physical push button or other physical input controldevice instead of a touchpad.

FIG. 1B is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components for eventhandling in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments,memory 102 (in FIG. 1A) or 370 (FIG. 3) includes event sorter 170 (e.g.,in operating system 126) and a respective application 136-1 (e.g., anyof the aforementioned applications 137-151, 155, 380-390).

Event sorter 170 receives event information and determines theapplication 136-1 and application view 191 of application 136-1 to whichto deliver the event information. Event sorter 170 includes eventmonitor 171 and event dispatcher module 174. In some embodiments,application 136-1 includes application internal state 192, whichindicates the current application view(s) displayed on touch sensitivedisplay 112 when the application is active or executing. In someembodiments, device/global internal state 157 is used by event sorter170 to determine which application(s) is (are) currently active, andapplication internal state 192 is used by event sorter 170 to determineapplication views 191 to which to deliver event information.

In some embodiments, application internal state 192 includes additionalinformation, such as one or more of: resume information to be used whenapplication 136-1 resumes execution, user interface state informationthat indicates information being displayed or that is ready for displayby application 136-1, a state queue for enabling the user to go back toa prior state or view of application 136-1, and a redo/undo queue ofprevious actions taken by the user.

Event monitor 171 receives event information from peripherals interface118. Event information includes information about a sub-event (e.g., auser touch on touch-sensitive display 112, as part of a multi-touchgesture). Peripherals interface 118 transmits information it receivesfrom I/O subsystem 106 or a sensor, such as proximity sensor 166,accelerometer(s) 168, and/or microphone 113 (through audio circuitry110). Information that peripherals interface 118 receives from I/Osubsystem 106 includes information from touch-sensitive display 112 or atouch-sensitive surface.

In some embodiments, event monitor 171 sends requests to the peripheralsinterface 118 at predetermined intervals. In response, peripheralsinterface 118 transmits event information. In other embodiments,peripheral interface 118 transmits event information only when there isa significant event (e.g., receiving an input above a predeterminednoise threshold and/or for more than a predetermined duration).

In some embodiments, event sorter 170 also includes a hit viewdetermination module 172 and/or an active event recognizer determinationmodule 173.

Hit view determination module 172 provides software procedures fordetermining where a sub-event has taken place within one or more views,when touch sensitive display 112 displays more than one view. Views aremade up of controls and other elements that a user can see on thedisplay.

Another aspect of the user interface associated with an application is aset of views, sometimes herein called application views or userinterface windows, in which information is displayed and touch-basedgestures occur. The application views (of a respective application) inwhich a touch is detected optionally correspond to programmatic levelswithin a programmatic or view hierarchy of the application. For example,the lowest level view in which a touch is detected is, optionally,called the hit view, and the set of events that are recognized as properinputs are, optionally, determined based, at least in part, on the hitview of the initial touch that begins a touch-based gesture.

Hit view determination module 172 receives information related tosub-events of a touch-based gesture. When an application has multipleviews organized in a hierarchy, hit view determination module 172identifies a hit view as the lowest view in the hierarchy which shouldhandle the sub-event. In most circumstances, the hit view is the lowestlevel view in which an initiating sub-event occurs (i.e., the firstsub-event in the sequence of sub-events that form an event or potentialevent). Once the hit view is identified by the hit view determinationmodule, the hit view typically receives all sub-events related to thesame touch or input source for which it was identified as the hit view.

Active event recognizer determination module 173 determines which viewor views within a view hierarchy should receive a particular sequence ofsub-events. In some embodiments, active event recognizer determinationmodule 173 determines that only the hit view should receive a particularsequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, active event recognizerdetermination module 173 determines that all views that include thephysical location of a sub-event are actively involved views, andtherefore determines that all actively involved views should receive aparticular sequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, even if touchsub-events were entirely confined to the area associated with oneparticular view, views higher in the hierarchy would still remain asactively involved views.

Event dispatcher module 174 dispatches the event information to an eventrecognizer (e.g., event recognizer 180). In embodiments including activeevent recognizer determination module 173, event dispatcher module 174delivers the event information to an event recognizer determined byactive event recognizer determination module 173. In some embodiments,event dispatcher module 174 stores in an event queue the eventinformation, which is retrieved by a respective event receiver module182.

In some embodiments, operating system 126 includes event sorter 170.Alternatively, application 136-1 includes event sorter 170. In yet otherembodiments, event sorter 170 is a stand-alone module, or a part ofanother module stored in memory 102, such as contact/motion module 130.

In some embodiments, application 136-1 includes a plurality of eventhandlers 190 and one or more application views 191, each of whichincludes instructions for handling touch events that occur within arespective view of the application's user interface. Each applicationview 191 of the application 136-1 includes one or more event recognizers180. Typically, a respective application view 191 includes a pluralityof event recognizers 180. In other embodiments, one or more of eventrecognizers 180 are part of a separate module, such as a user interfacekit (not shown) or a higher level object from which application 136-1inherits methods and other properties. In some embodiments, a respectiveevent handler 190 includes one or more of: data updater 176, objectupdater 177, GUI updater 178, and/or event data 179 received from eventsorter 170. Event handler 190 optionally utilizes or calls data updater176, object updater 177 or GUI updater 178 to update the applicationinternal state 192. Alternatively, one or more of the application views191 includes one or more respective event handlers 190. Also, in someembodiments, one or more of data updater 176, object updater 177, andGUI updater 178 are included in a respective application view 191.

A respective event recognizer 180 receives event information (e.g.,event data 179) from event sorter 170, and identifies an event from theevent information. Event recognizer 180 includes event receiver 182 andevent comparator 184. In some embodiments, event recognizer 180 alsoincludes at least a subset of: metadata 183, and event deliveryinstructions 188 (which optionally include sub-event deliveryinstructions).

Event receiver 182 receives event information from event sorter 170. Theevent information includes information about a sub-event, for example, atouch or a touch movement. Depending on the sub-event, the eventinformation also includes additional information, such as location ofthe sub-event. When the sub-event concerns motion of a touch, the eventinformation optionally also includes speed and direction of thesub-event. In some embodiments, events include rotation of the devicefrom one orientation to another (e.g., from a portrait orientation to alandscape orientation, or vice versa), and the event informationincludes corresponding information about the current orientation (alsocalled device attitude) of the device.

Event comparator 184 compares the event information to predefined eventor sub-event definitions and, based on the comparison, determines anevent or sub-event, or determines or updates the state of an event orsub-event. In some embodiments, event comparator 184 includes eventdefinitions 186. Event definitions 186 contain definitions of events(e.g., predefined sequences of sub-events), for example, event 1(187-1), event 2 (187-2), and others. In some embodiments, sub-events inan event 187 include, for example, touch begin, touch end, touchmovement, touch cancellation, and multiple touching. In one example, thedefinition for event 1 (187-1) is a double tap on a displayed object.The double tap, for example, comprises a first touch (touch begin) onthe displayed object for a predetermined phase, a first lift-off (touchend) for a predetermined phase, a second touch (touch begin) on thedisplayed object for a predetermined phase, and a second lift-off (touchend) for a predetermined phase. In another example, the definition forevent 2 (187-2) is a dragging on a displayed object. The dragging, forexample, comprises a touch (or contact) on the displayed object for apredetermined phase, a movement of the touch across touch-sensitivedisplay 112, and lift-off of the touch (touch end). In some embodiments,the event also includes information for one or more associated eventhandlers 190.

In some embodiments, event definition 187 includes a definition of anevent for a respective user-interface object. In some embodiments, eventcomparator 184 performs a hit test to determine which user-interfaceobject is associated with a sub-event. For example, in an applicationview in which three user-interface objects are displayed ontouch-sensitive display 112, when a touch is detected on touch-sensitivedisplay 112, event comparator 184 performs a hit test to determine whichof the three user-interface objects is associated with the touch(sub-event). If each displayed object is associated with a respectiveevent handler 190, the event comparator uses the result of the hit testto determine which event handler 190 should be activated. For example,event comparator 184 selects an event handler associated with thesub-event and the object triggering the hit test.

In some embodiments, the definition for a respective event 187 alsoincludes delayed actions that delay delivery of the event informationuntil after it has been determined whether the sequence of sub-eventsdoes or does not correspond to the event recognizer's event type.

When a respective event recognizer 180 determines that the series ofsub-events do not match any of the events in event definitions 186, therespective event recognizer 180 enters an event impossible, eventfailed, or event ended state, after which it disregards subsequentsub-events of the touch-based gesture. In this situation, other eventrecognizers, if any, that remain active for the hit view continue totrack and process sub-events of an ongoing touch-based gesture.

In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer 180 includes metadata183 with configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate howthe event delivery system should perform sub-event delivery to activelyinvolved event recognizers. In some embodiments, metadata 183 includesconfigurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate how eventrecognizers interact, or are enabled to interact, with one another. Insome embodiments, metadata 183 includes configurable properties, flags,and/or lists that indicate whether sub-events are delivered to varyinglevels in the view or programmatic hierarchy.

In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer 180 activates eventhandler 190 associated with an event when one or more particularsub-events of an event are recognized. In some embodiments, a respectiveevent recognizer 180 delivers event information associated with theevent to event handler 190. Activating an event handler 190 is distinctfrom sending (and deferred sending) sub-events to a respective hit view.In some embodiments, event recognizer 180 throws a flag associated withthe recognized event, and event handler 190 associated with the flagcatches the flag and performs a predefined process.

In some embodiments, event delivery instructions 188 include sub-eventdelivery instructions that deliver event information about a sub-eventwithout activating an event handler. Instead, the sub-event deliveryinstructions deliver event information to event handlers associated withthe series of sub-events or to actively involved views. Event handlersassociated with the series of sub-events or with actively involved viewsreceive the event information and perform a predetermined process.

In some embodiments, data updater 176 creates and updates data used inapplication 136-1. For example, data updater 176 updates the telephonenumber used in contacts module 137, or stores a video file used in videoplayer module 145. In some embodiments, object updater 177 creates andupdates objects used in application 136-1. For example, object updater177 creates a new user-interface object or updates the position of auser-interface object. GUI updater 178 updates the GUI. For example, GUIupdater 178 prepares display information and sends it to graphics module132 for display on a touch-sensitive display.

In some embodiments, event handler(s) 190 includes or has access to dataupdater 176, object updater 177, and GUI updater 178. In someembodiments, data updater 176, object updater 177, and GUI updater 178are included in a single module of a respective application 136-1 orapplication view 191. In other embodiments, they are included in two ormore software modules.

It shall be understood that the foregoing discussion regarding eventhandling of user touches on touch-sensitive displays also applies toother forms of user inputs to operate multifunction devices 100 withinput-devices, not all of which are initiated on touch screens. Forexample, mouse movement and mouse button presses, optionally coordinatedwith single or multiple keyboard presses or holds; contact movementssuch as taps, drags, scrolls, etc., on touch-pads; pen stylus inputs;movement of the device; oral instructions; detected eye movements;biometric inputs; and/or any combination thereof are optionally utilizedas inputs corresponding to sub-events which define an event to berecognized.

FIG. 2 illustrates a portable multifunction device 100 having a touchscreen 112 in accordance with some embodiments. The touch screenoptionally displays one or more graphics within user interface (UI) 200.In this embodiment, as well as others described below, a user is enabledto select one or more of the graphics by making a gesture on thegraphics, for example, with one or more fingers 202 (not drawn to scalein the figure) or one or more styluses 203 (not drawn to scale in thefigure). In some embodiments, selection of one or more graphics occurswhen the user breaks contact with the one or more graphics. In someembodiments, the gesture optionally includes one or more taps, one ormore swipes (from left to right, right to left, upward and/or downward)and/or a rolling of a finger (from right to left, left to right, upwardand/or downward) that has made contact with device 100. In someimplementations or circumstances, inadvertent contact with a graphicdoes not select the graphic. For example, a swipe gesture that sweepsover an application icon optionally does not select the correspondingapplication when the gesture corresponding to selection is a tap.

Device 100 optionally also includes one or more physical buttons, suchas “home” or menu button 204. As described previously, menu button 204is, optionally, used to navigate to any application 136 in a set ofapplications that are, optionally executed on device 100. Alternatively,in some embodiments, the menu button is implemented as a soft key in aGUI displayed on touch screen 112.

In one embodiment, device 100 includes touch screen 112, menu button204, push button 206 for powering the device on/off and locking thedevice, volume adjustment button(s) 208, Subscriber Identity Module(SIM) card slot 210, head set jack 212, and docking/charging externalport 124. Push button 206 is, optionally, used to turn the power on/offon the device by depressing the button and holding the button in thedepressed state for a predefined time interval; to lock the device bydepressing the button and releasing the button before the predefinedtime interval has elapsed; and/or to unlock the device or initiate anunlock process. In an alternative embodiment, device 100 also acceptsverbal input for activation or deactivation of some functions throughmicrophone 113. Device 100 also, optionally, includes one or morecontact intensity sensors 165 for detecting intensity of contacts ontouch screen 112 and/or one or more tactile output generators 167 forgenerating tactile outputs for a user of device 100.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an exemplary multifunction device with adisplay and a touch-sensitive surface in accordance with someembodiments. Device 300 need not be portable. In some embodiments,device 300 is a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet computer,a multimedia player device, a navigation device, an educational device(such as a child's learning toy), a gaming system, or a control device(e.g., a home or industrial controller). Device 300 typically includesone or more processing units (CPU's) 310, one or more network or othercommunications interfaces 360, memory 370, and one or more communicationbuses 320 for interconnecting these components. Communication buses 320optionally include circuitry (sometimes called a chipset) thatinterconnects and controls communications between system components.Device 300 includes input/output (I/O) interface 330 comprising display340, which is typically a touch screen display. I/O interface 330 alsooptionally includes a keyboard and/or mouse (or other pointing device)350 and touchpad 355, tactile output generator 357 for generatingtactile outputs on device 300 (e.g., similar to tactile outputgenerator(s) 167 described above with reference to FIG. 1A), sensors 359(e.g., optical, acceleration, proximity, touch-sensitive, and/or contactintensity sensors similar to contact intensity sensor(s) 165 describedabove with reference to FIG. 1A). Memory 370 includes high-speed randomaccess memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM or other random access solidstate memory devices; and optionally includes non-volatile memory, suchas one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storagedevices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid state storagedevices. Memory 370 optionally includes one or more storage devicesremotely located from CPU(s) 310. In some embodiments, memory 370 storesprograms, modules, and data structures analogous to the programs,modules, and data structures stored in memory 102 of portablemultifunction device 100 (FIG. 1A), or a subset thereof. Furthermore,memory 370 optionally stores additional programs, modules, and datastructures not present in memory 102 of portable multifunction device100. For example, memory 370 of device 300 optionally stores drawingmodule 380, presentation module 382, word processing module 384, websitecreation module 386, disk authoring module 388, and/or spreadsheetmodule 390, while memory 102 of portable multifunction device 100 (FIG.1A) optionally does not store these modules.

Each of the above identified elements in FIG. 3 are, optionally, storedin one or more of the previously mentioned memory devices. Each of theabove identified modules corresponds to a set of instructions forperforming a function described above. The above identified modules orprograms (i.e., sets of instructions) need not be implemented asseparate software programs, procedures or modules, and thus varioussubsets of these modules are, optionally, combined or otherwisere-arranged in various embodiments. In some embodiments, memory 370optionally stores a subset of the modules and data structures identifiedabove. Furthermore, memory 370 optionally stores additional modules anddata structures not described above.

Attention is now directed towards embodiments of user interfaces (“UI”)that is, optionally, implemented on portable multifunction device 100.

FIG. 4A illustrates an exemplary user interface for a menu ofapplications on portable multifunction device 100 in accordance withsome embodiments. Similar user interfaces are, optionally, implementedon device 300. In some embodiments, user interface 400 includes thefollowing elements, or a subset or superset thereof:

-   -   Signal strength indicator(s) 402 for wireless communication(s),        such as cellular and Wi-Fi signals;    -   Time 404;    -   Bluetooth indicator 405;    -   Battery status indicator 406;    -   Tray 408 with icons for frequently used applications, such as:        -   Icon 416 for telephone module 138, labeled “Phone,” which            optionally includes an indicator 414 of the number of missed            calls or voicemail messages;        -   Icon 418 for e-mail client module 140, labeled “Mail,” which            optionally includes an indicator 410 of the number of unread            e-mails;        -   Icon 420 for browser module 147, labeled “Browser;” and        -   Icon 422 for video and music player module 152, also            referred to as iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.) module 152,            labeled “iPod;” and    -   Icons for other applications, such as:        -   Icon 424 for IM module 141, labeled “Text;”        -   Icon 426 for calendar module 148, labeled “Calendar;”        -   Icon 428 for image management module 144, labeled “Photos;”        -   Icon 430 for camera module 143, labeled “Camera;”        -   Icon 432 for online video module 155, labeled “Online Video”        -   Icon 434 for stocks widget 149-2, labeled “Stocks;”        -   Icon 436 for map module 154, labeled “Map;”        -   Icon 438 for weather widget 149-1, labeled “Weather;”        -   Icon 440 for alarm clock widget 149-4, labeled “Clock;”        -   Icon 442 for workout support module 142, labeled “Workout            Support;”        -   Icon 444 for notes module 153, labeled “Notes;” and        -   Icon 446 for a settings application or module, which            provides access to settings for device 100 and its various            applications 136.

It should be noted that the icon labels illustrated in FIG. 4A aremerely exemplary. For example, icon 422 for video and music playermodule 152 are labeled “Music” or “Music Player.” Other labels are,optionally, used for various application icons. In some embodiments, alabel for a respective application icon includes a name of anapplication corresponding to the respective application icon. In someembodiments, a label for a particular application icon is distinct froma name of an application corresponding to the particular applicationicon.

FIG. 4B illustrates an exemplary user interface on a device (e.g.,device 300, FIG. 3) with a touch-sensitive surface 451 (e.g., a tabletor touchpad 355, FIG. 3) that is separate from the display 450 (e.g.,touch screen display 112). Device 300 also, optionally, includes one ormore contact intensity sensors (e.g., one or more of sensors 357) fordetecting intensity of contacts on touch-sensitive surface 451 and/orone or more tactile output generators 359 for generating tactile outputsfor a user of device 300.

Although some of the examples which follow will be given with referenceto inputs on touch screen display 112 (where the touch sensitive surfaceand the display are combined), in some embodiments, the device detectsinputs on a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the display,as shown in FIG. 4B. In some embodiments the touch sensitive surface(e.g., 451 in FIG. 4B) has a primary axis (e.g., 452 in FIG. 4B) thatcorresponds to a primary axis (e.g., 453 in FIG. 4B) on the display(e.g., 450). In accordance with these embodiments, the device detectscontacts (e.g., 460 and 462 in FIG. 4B) with the touch-sensitive surface451 at locations that correspond to respective locations on the display(e.g., in FIG. 4B, 460 corresponds to 468 and 462 corresponds to 470).In this way, user inputs (e.g., contacts 460 and 462, and movementsthereof) detected by the device on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g.,451 in FIG. 4B) are used by the device to manipulate the user interfaceon the display (e.g., 450 in FIG. 4B) of the multifunction device whenthe touch-sensitive surface is separate from the display. It should beunderstood that similar methods are, optionally, used for other userinterfaces described herein.

Additionally, while the following examples are given primarily withreference to finger inputs (e.g., finger contacts, finger tap gestures,finger swipe gestures), it should be understood that, in someembodiments, one or more of the finger inputs are replaced with inputfrom another input device (e.g., a mouse based input or stylus input).For example, a swipe gesture is, optionally, replaced with a mouse click(e.g., instead of a contact) followed by movement of the cursor alongthe path of the swipe (e.g., instead of movement of the contact). Asanother example, a tap gesture is, optionally, replaced with a mouseclick while the cursor is located over the location of the tap gesture(e.g., instead of detection of the contact followed by ceasing to detectthe contact). Similarly, when multiple user inputs are simultaneouslydetected, it should be understood that multiple computer mice are,optionally, used simultaneously, or a mouse and finger contacts are,optionally, used simultaneously.

As used herein, the term “focus selector” refers to an input elementthat indicates a current part of a user interface with which a user isinteracting. In some implementations that include a cursor or otherlocation marker, the cursor acts as a “focus selector,” so that when aninput (e.g., a press input) is detected on a touch-sensitive surface(e.g., touchpad 355 in FIG. 3 or touch-sensitive surface 451 in FIG. 4B)while the cursor is over a particular user interface element (e.g., abutton, window, slider or other user interface element), the particularuser interface element is adjusted in accordance with the detectedinput. In some implementations that include a touch-screen display(e.g., touch-sensitive display system 112 in FIG. 1A or touch screen 112in FIG. 4A) that enables direct interaction with user interface elementson the touch-screen display, a detected contact on the touch-screen actsas a “focus selector,” so that when an input (e.g., a press input by thecontact) is detected on the touch-screen display at a location of aparticular user interface element (e.g., a button, window, slider orother user interface element), the particular user interface element isadjusted in accordance with the detected input. In some implementationsfocus is moved from one region of a user interface to another region ofthe user interface without corresponding movement of a cursor ormovement of a contact on a touch-screen display (e.g., by using a tabkey or arrow keys to move focus from one button to another button); inthese implementations, the focus selector moves in accordance withmovement of focus between different regions of the user interface.Without regard to the specific form taken by the focus selector, thefocus selector is generally the user interface element (or contact on atouch-screen display) that is controlled by the user so as tocommunicate the user's intended interaction with the user interface(e.g., by indicating, to the device, the element of the user interfacewith which the user is intending to interact). For example, the locationof a focus selector (e.g., a cursor, a contact or a selection box) overa respective button while a press input is detected on thetouch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touchpad or touch screen) will indicatethat the user is intending to activate the respective button (as opposedto other user interface elements shown on a display of the device).

The user interface figures described below include various intensitydiagrams that show the current intensity of the contact on thetouch-sensitive surface relative to one or more intensity thresholds(e.g., a contact detection intensity threshold IT₀, a light pressintensity threshold IT_(L), a deep press intensity threshold IT_(D),and/or one or more other intensity thresholds). This intensity diagramis typically not part of the displayed user interface, but is providedto aid in the interpretation of the figures. In some embodiments, thelight press intensity threshold corresponds to an intensity at which thedevice will perform operations typically associated with clicking abutton of a physical mouse or a trackpad. In some embodiments, the deeppress intensity threshold corresponds to an intensity at which thedevice will perform operations that are different from operationstypically associated with clicking a button of a physical mouse or atrackpad. In some embodiments, when a contact is detected with anintensity below the light press intensity threshold (e.g., and above anominal contact-detection intensity threshold IT₀ below which thecontact is no longer detected), the device will move a focus selector inaccordance with movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surfacewithout performing an operation associated with the light pressintensity threshold or the deep press intensity threshold. Generally,unless otherwise stated, these intensity thresholds are consistentbetween different sets of user interface figures.

An increase of intensity of the contact from an intensity below thelight press intensity threshold IT_(L) to an intensity between the lightpress intensity threshold IT_(L) and the deep press intensity thresholdIT_(D) is sometimes referred to as a “light press” input. An increase ofintensity of the contact from an intensity below the deep pressintensity threshold IT_(D) to an intensity above the deep pressintensity threshold IT_(D) is sometimes referred to as a “deep press”input. An increase of intensity of the contact from an intensity belowthe contact-detection intensity threshold IT₀ to an intensity betweenthe contact-detection intensity threshold IT₀ and the light pressintensity threshold IT_(L) is sometimes referred to as detecting thecontact on the touch-surface. A decrease of intensity of the contactfrom an intensity above the contact-detection intensity threshold IT₀ toan intensity below the contact intensity threshold IT₀ is sometimesreferred to as detecting liftoff of the contact from the touch-surface.In some embodiments IT₀ is zero. In some embodiments IT₀ is greater thanzero. In some illustrations a shaded circle or oval is used to representintensity of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface. In someillustrations a circle or oval without shading is used represent arespective contact on the touch-sensitive surface without specifying theintensity of the respective contact.

In some embodiments described herein, one or more operations areperformed in response to detecting a gesture that includes a respectivepress input or in response to detecting the respective press inputperformed with a respective contact (or a plurality of contacts), wherethe respective press input is detected based at least in part ondetecting an increase in intensity of the contact (or plurality ofcontacts) above a press-input intensity threshold. In some embodiments,the respective operation is performed in response to detecting theincrease in intensity of the respective contact above the press-inputintensity threshold (e.g., a “down stroke” of the respective pressinput). In some embodiments, the press input includes an increase inintensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensitythreshold and a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact belowthe press-input intensity threshold, and the respective operation isperformed in response to detecting the subsequent decrease in intensityof the respective contact below the press-input threshold (e.g., an “upstroke” of the respective press input).

In some embodiments, the device employs intensity hysteresis to avoidaccidental inputs sometimes termed “jitter,” where the device defines orselects a hysteresis intensity threshold with a predefined relationshipto the press-input intensity threshold (e.g., the hysteresis intensitythreshold is X intensity units lower than the press-input intensitythreshold or the hysteresis intensity threshold is 75%, 90% or somereasonable proportion of the press-input intensity threshold). Thus, insome embodiments, the press input includes an increase in intensity ofthe respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold and asubsequent decrease in intensity of the contact below the hysteresisintensity threshold that corresponds to the press-input intensitythreshold, and the respective operation is performed in response todetecting the subsequent decrease in intensity of the respective contactbelow the hysteresis intensity threshold (e.g., an “up stroke” of therespective press input). Similarly, in some embodiments, the press inputis detected only when the device detects an increase in intensity of thecontact from an intensity at or below the hysteresis intensity thresholdto an intensity at or above the press-input intensity threshold and,optionally, a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact to anintensity at or below the hysteresis intensity, and the respectiveoperation is performed in response to detecting the press input (e.g.,the increase in intensity of the contact or the decrease in intensity ofthe contact, depending on the circumstances).

For ease of explanation, the description of operations performed inresponse to a press input associated with a press-input intensitythreshold or in response to a gesture including the press input are,optionally, triggered in response to detecting either: an increase inintensity of a contact above the press-input intensity threshold, anincrease in intensity of a contact from an intensity below thehysteresis intensity threshold to an intensity above the press-inputintensity threshold, a decrease in intensity of the contact below thepress-input intensity threshold, and/or a decrease in intensity of thecontact below the hysteresis intensity threshold corresponding to thepress-input intensity threshold. Additionally, in examples where anoperation is described as being performed in response to detecting adecrease in intensity of a contact below the press-input intensitythreshold, the operation is, optionally, performed in response todetecting a decrease in intensity of the contact below a hysteresisintensity threshold corresponding to, and lower than, the press-inputintensity threshold.

User Interfaces and Associated Processes Manipulating Framed GraphicalObjects

Many electronic devices have graphical user interfaces that includevarious graphical objects and frames that are controlled by a confusingset of overlapping and sometimes conflicting inputs. For example, photoalbum software allows a user to arrange and customize pictures to bedisplayed or printed at a later time. In this example, customizing thepictures may include selecting which frame to put a picture in andadjusting the picture's appearance within the frame. There is a need toprovide a fast, efficient, and convenient way for users to manipulatethe pictures (or other graphical objects) inside, outside, and betweenframes. The embodiments described below provide a fast, efficient, andconvenient way for users to manipulate the graphical objects inside,outside, and between frames using inputs that are differentiated inaccordance with an intensity of the inputs.

FIGS. 5A-5F illustrate exemplary user interfaces for manipulating framedgraphical objects using gestures on a touch-sensitive surface inaccordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in these figuresare used to illustrate the processes described below, including theprocesses described below with reference to FIGS. 6A-6B. FIGS. 5C-5Finclude intensity diagrams that show the current intensity of thecontact on the touch-sensitive surface relative to a plurality ofintensity thresholds including a respective threshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”).In some embodiments, operations similar to those described below withreference to IT_(D) are performed with reference to a differentintensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”).

FIG. 5A illustrates an example of a user interface that includes aframed graphical object. User interface 800 is displayed on display 450of a device (e.g., device 300) and is responsive to gestures ontouch-sensitive surface 451. User interface 800 includes graphicalobject 802 displayed within frame 804.

In some embodiments, the device is an electronic device with a separatedisplay (e.g., display 450) and a separate touch-sensitive surface(e.g., touch-sensitive surface 451). In some embodiments, the device isportable multifunction device 100, the display is touch-sensitivedisplay system 112, and the touch-sensitive surface includes tactileoutput generators 167 on the display (FIG. 1A). For convenience ofexplanation, the embodiments described with reference to FIGS. 5A-5F and6A-6B will be discussed with reference to display 450 and a separatetouch-sensitive surface 451, however analogous operations are,optionally, performed on a device with a touch-sensitive display system112 in response to detecting the contacts described in FIGS. 5A-5F onthe touch-sensitive display system 112 while displaying the userinterfaces shown in FIGS. 5A-5F on the touch-sensitive display system112; in such embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: arespective contact, a representative point corresponding to a contact(e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with arespective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected onthe touch-sensitive display system 112, in place of cursor 806

FIG. 5B illustrates another example of a user interface. In FIG. 5B,user interface 800 includes a plurality of frames 804-1 through 804-3and a plurality of graphical objects 802-1 through 802-2. Per someembodiments, graphical user interface 800 in FIG. 5B also includes adisplayed representation of focus selector 806 (e.g., a cursor),responsive to gestures on touch-sensitive surface 451. As shown in FIG.5B, a frame may be empty (e.g., frame 804-2). Alternatively, a frame maycontain one or more graphical objects (e.g., frame 804-1 containsgraphical object 802-1 such as a picture or chart). In the examplesdescribed below with reference to FIGS. 5A-5F, the graphical objects 802are pictures, and there is no more than one graphical object in arespective frame 804 at a time. However, in some embodiments, multiplegraphical objects can be placed in a single frame (e.g., multiple shapesor icons on a canvas of a drawing application), and the multiplegraphical objects are configured to be moved/resized relative to eachother within the frame and moved in and out of respective framesindependently of each other.

In some implementations, a displayed representation of focus selector806 is a cursor with a position on display 450 that is determined inaccordance with contacts received by touch-sensitive surface 451. Inother implementations the focus selector has a different displayedrepresentation (e.g., a magnifying glass). Alternatively, in someimplementations a representation of the focus selector is not displayed.For example, in implementations using a touch-sensitive display system,the position of the focus selector corresponds to the location on thedisplay of a contact or gesture. Further, the focus selector is hereindefined to be “over” a user interface object when the position of thefocus selector corresponds to the location on the display of the userinterface object.

FIG. 5C illustrates an example of removing a graphical object from aframe. In this example, graphical object 802-1 is initially within frame804-1, as shown in FIG. 5B. In response to detecting a gesture,graphical object 802-1 is removed from frame 804-1 in accordance with adetermination that contact 808 on the touch-sensitive surface meetspredefined intensity criteria (with the intensity represented by a densepatterned background in contact 808 and the intensity meter showing thatthe intensity of contact 808 is above a respective intensity thresholdIT_(D)). In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 8C, an icon or thumbnailimage 812 of the graphical object is displayed at or near a location ofthe focus selector (e.g., cursor 806) in response to detecting theincrease in intensity of contact 808 (e.g., in conjunction with or afterceasing to display the graphical object from the frame). FIGS. 5C-5Dfurther illustrate movement 810 of the contact on the touch-sensitivesurface 451 that corresponds to movement of focus selector 806 outsideof frame 804-1. In some embodiments, thumbnail image 812 of thegraphical object moves in accordance with movement of focus selector806.

As shown in FIG. 5C, a user gesture on touch-sensitive surface 451includes contact 808 while focus selector 806 is over a graphical object802 and movement 810 of the contact across touch-sensitive surface 451.In some embodiments, the predetermined intensity criteria include thatthe contact reaches an intensity during the gesture above a respectiveintensity threshold at any point in time during the gesture. In someembodiments, the predefined intensity criteria include that the contactreaches an intensity during the gesture above a respective intensitythreshold before the focus selector moves outside of the frame. In someembodiments, the predefined intensity criteria include that the contactreaches an intensity during the gesture above a respective intensitythreshold prior to detecting the movement of the contact.

In some embodiments, the graphical object is removed from the frame inresponse to detecting the increase in intensity of the contact to anintensity that is greater than a respective intensity threshold (e.g.,IT_(D)). In some embodiments, after the graphical object has beenremoved from the frame, the graphical object continues to be removedfrom the frame even if the intensity of the contact decreases below therespective intensity threshold (e.g., IT_(D)). For example, after thegraphical object has been picked up/selected the selection of thegraphical object is maintained (e.g., a representation of the graphicalobject is not dropped and the graphical object is not returned to theframe) when the intensity of the contact decreases to an intensity belowIT_(D), and the graphical object is dropped in a different frame and/orreturned to the frame when the intensity of the contact is reduced belowIT_(L). As another example, after the graphical object has been pickedup/selected the selection of the graphical object is maintained (e.g., arepresentation of the graphical object is not dropped and the graphicalobject is not returned to the frame) when the intensity of the contactdecreases to an intensity below IT_(D), and the graphical object isdropped in a different frame and/or returned to the frame when thecontact is lifted off of the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., theintensity of the contact is reduced below IT₀). Thus, in someembodiments, in response to detecting a press input on thetouch-sensitive surface that includes a contact with an intensity aboveIT_(D), the device enters an object-movement mode in which the graphicalobject that was in the frame is moved to a location corresponding to afocus selector (e.g., a frame or portion of a user interface over whichthe focus selector is located) when the device exits the object-movementmode without regard to whether or not the intensity of the contact wasabove IT_(D) while the device was in the object-movement mode. In someembodiments, the device exits the object-movement mode in response todetecting a decrease in intensity of the contact below a differentintensity threshold (e.g., IT_(L)) such as IT_(L). In some embodiments,the device exits the object-movement mode in response to detectingliftoff of the contact from the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., adecrease in intensity of the contact below IT₀). In some embodiments,the device exits the object-movement mode in response to detecting anincrease in intensity of the contact from an intensity below a differentintensity threshold (e.g., IT_(L)) to an intensity above the respectiveintensity threshold (e.g. IT_(D)).

FIGS. 5B and 5D illustrate an example of moving a graphical object fromone frame to another frame. In this example, graphical object 802-1 isinitially within frame 804-1, as shown in FIG. 5B. In response todetecting a gesture, graphical object 802-1 is removed from frame 804-1in accordance with a determination that contact 808 meets the predefinedintensity criteria (with the intensity represented by a dense patternedbackground in contact 808). FIG. 5D further illustrates the contacthaving an initial position 808-a and movement of the contact 810 to afinal position 808-b on the touch-sensitive surface. In response todetecting an end of the gesture (e.g., liftoff of contact 808 from thetouch-sensitive surface 451) at contact position 808-b, graphical object802-1 is moved to frame 804-2. In some embodiments, graphical object802-1 is moved to frame 804-2 in response to detecting liftoff contact808-b. In some embodiments, graphical object 802-1 is moved to frame804-2 in response to detecting a reduction in intensity of contact 808-bto an intensity below IT_(L).

FIGS. 5B and 5E illustrate an example of adjusting the appearance of agraphical object within a frame. The appearance of graphical object802-1 is adjusted inside of frame 804-1, in accordance with adetermination that the contact does not meet the predefined intensitycriteria (with the intensity represented by a sparse patternedbackground in contact 808 and the intensity meter showing that theintensity of contact 814 is above a respective intensity thresholdIT_(D)). Graphical object 802-1 has an initial appearance in frame 804-1as shown in FIG. 5B and, in this example, adjusting the appearance ofgraphical object 802-1 includes translating it laterally within frame804-1 (e.g., moving the graphical object vertically, horizontally, ordiagonally within the frame). Although focus selector 806 moves outsideof frame 804-1, graphical object 802-1 is not removed from frame 804-1because the contact intensity does not exceed the respective intensitythreshold (e.g., “IT_(D)” in FIG. 5E).

FIGS. 5B and 5F also illustrate an example of adjusting the appearanceof a graphical object within a frame, rather than removing the graphicalobject from the frame. The appearance of graphical object 802-1 isadjusted inside of frame 804-1, in accordance with a determination thatcontacts 818 and 822 do not meet the predefined intensity criteria(represented by a sparse patterned background in contacts 818 and 822and the intensity meters for the respective contacts that show that therespective intensities of the respective contacts are below therespective intensity threshold IT_(D) and above intensity thresholdIT_(L)). FIG. 5F further illustrates detecting a gesture that includes aplurality of contacts 818 and 822 and the respective movement 820 and824 of the contacts. Graphical object 802-1 has an initial appearance inframe 804-1 as shown in FIG. 5B and, in this example, adjusting theappearance of graphical object 802-1 in accordance with the movement ofthe plurality of contacts 818 and 822, includes resizing graphicalobject 802-1 within frame 804-1.

FIGS. 6A-6B are flow diagrams illustrating a method 900 of manipulatingframed graphical objects in accordance with some embodiments. The method900 is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device 300, FIG. 3, orportable multifunction device 100, FIG. 1A) with a display and atouch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the display is a touchscreen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on the display. Insome embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitivesurface. Some operations in method 900 are, optionally, combined and/orthe order of some operations are, optionally, changed.

As described below, the method 900 provides an intuitive way tomanipulate framed graphical objects. The method reduces the cognitiveburden on a user when manipulating a framed graphical object, therebycreating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operatedelectronic devices, enabling a user to manipulate framed graphicalobjects faster and more efficiently conserves power and increases thetime between battery charges.

The device displays (902) a graphical object inside of a frame on thedisplay. FIG. 5A, for example, shows graphical object 802 and frame 804,displayed in graphical user interface 800.

The device detects (904) a gesture that includes detecting (906) acontact on the touch-sensitive surface while a focus selector is overthe graphical object and detecting (908) movement of the contact acrossthe touch-sensitive surface. Thus, in some embodiments, the gestureincludes detecting a contact on the touch-sensitive surface and thendetecting subsequent movement of the contact on the touch-sensitivesurface. As shown in FIG. 5C, for example, contact 808 and movement 810of the contact is detected on touch-sensitive surface 451. In someembodiments, movement of the contact corresponds to movement of thefocus selector outside of the frame (910). In FIGS. 5C-5E, for example,focus selector 806 moves outside of frame 804-1 during movement 810 ofthe contact on touch-sensitive surface 451.

In response to detecting the gesture (912), in accordance with adetermination that the contact meets predefined intensity criteria(914), the device removes the graphical object from the frame (916). Forexample, FIG. 5C shows contact 808 having an intensity above therespective intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”), and removing graphicalobject 802-1 from frame 804-1. In some embodiments, after removing thegraphical object from the frame, the device continues to detect movementof the contact, where the movement of the contact corresponds tomovement of the focus selector, and the device displays a thumbnailimage of the graphical object moving on the display in accordance withmovement of the focus selector (918). For example, FIG. 5C shows frame804-1 as being empty (graphical object 802-1 has been removed) andthumbnail 812 moving in accordance with movement of focus selector 806.

Conversely, in response to detecting the gesture (912), in accordancewith a determination that the contact does not meet (922) the predefinedintensity criteria (e.g., the contact had a maximum intensity during thegesture below the respective intensity threshold), the device adjusts(924) the appearance of the graphical object inside of the frame. Forexample FIG. 5E shows a gesture that includes contact 814 and movement816 of the contact from 814-a to 814-b, contact 814 having an intensitybelow the respective intensity threshold (e.g., contact with intensitybelow IT_(D) and, optionally, above IT_(L)). For example FIG. 5F shows adepinch gesture that includes contacts 818 and 822 with movements 820and 824, respectively, with contacts 818 and 822 having intensitiesbelow the respective intensity threshold (e.g., contacts withintensities below IT_(D) and, optionally, above IT_(L)). The appearanceof graphical object 802-1 is adjusted within frame 804-1 in bothexamples in response to detecting the respective gestures, rather thanremoving graphical object 802-1 from the frame. In some embodiments, inresponse to detecting a gesture with a contact having an intensity belowa lower intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”) while the focus selector isover frame 804-1, the device moves the focus selector away from frame804-1 without adjusting the appearance of graphical object 802-1 withinthe frame and without removing the graphical object 802-1 from frame804-1 (e.g., without moving graphical object 802-1 to a differentframe).

In some embodiments, adjusting the appearance of the graphical objectinside of the frame includes translating the graphical object laterallywithin the frame (925). FIG. 5E, for example, shows graphical object802-1 shifted (translated laterally) within frame 804-1. In someembodiments, adjusting the appearance of the graphical object inside ofthe frame includes resizing the graphical object within the frame (926).For example, FIG. 5F shows graphical object 802-1 enlarged (resized)within frame 804-1.

In some embodiments, the predefined intensity criteria include that(928) the contact reached an intensity during the gesture above arespective intensity threshold before the focus selector moved outsideof the frame. In these embodiments, in FIG. 5D, contact 808 reaches anintensity above the respective intensity threshold before the focusselector 806 moved outside of frame 804-1 in accordance with movement810 of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface.

In some embodiments, the predefined intensity criteria include that(930) the contact reached an intensity during the gesture above arespective intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”) at any point in timeduring the gesture (e.g., before or after the focus selector movesoutside of the frame). In these embodiments, in FIG. 5D, contact 808reached an intensity above the respective intensity at any point in timeduring movement of the contact through the end of the gesture atposition 808-b.

In some embodiments, the predefined intensity criteria include that(932) the contact reached an intensity during the gesture above arespective intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”) prior to detecting themovement of the contact. Thus, in some embodiments, the mode ofinteracting with the graphical object (e.g., constrained-within-frame orunconstrained) is determined before the contact starts to move. In theseembodiments, in FIG. 5D, contact 808 reached an intensity above therespective intensity threshold at initial position 808-a before movement810 of the contact.

In some embodiments, after the graphical object has been removed fromthe frame, the device detects (934) an end of the gesture (e.g., liftoffof contact 808 from the touch-sensitive surface), and in response todetecting the end of the gesture, the device moves (936) the graphicalobject to a different frame. For example, in FIG. 5D an end of thegesture made with contact 808 is detected and graphical object 802-1 isdisplayed within frame 804-2.

It should be understood that the particular order in which theoperations in FIGS. 6A-6B have been described is merely exemplary and isnot intended to indicate that the described order is the only order inwhich the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in theart would recognize various ways to reorder the operations describedherein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processesdescribed herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g.,those listed in the fifth paragraph of the Description of Embodiments)are also applicable in an analogous manner to method 900 described abovewith respect to FIGS. 6A-6B. For example, the gestures, contacts,intensity thresholds, graphical objects, frames, focus selectors, andthumbnails described above with reference to method 900 may have one ormore of the characteristics of the gestures, contacts, intensitythresholds, graphical objects, frames, focus selectors, and thumbnailsdescribed herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g.,those listed in the fifth paragraph of the Description of Embodiments).For brevity, these details are not repeated here.

In accordance with some embodiments, FIG. 7 shows a functional blockdiagram of an electronic device 1000 configured in accordance with theprinciples of the various described embodiments. The functional blocksof the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or acombination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of thevarious described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill inthe art that the functional blocks described in FIG. 7 are, optionally,combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of thevarious described embodiments. Therefore, the description hereinoptionally supports any possible combination or separation or furtherdefinition of the functional blocks described herein. As shown in FIG.7, an electronic device 1000 includes a display unit 1002 configured todisplay a graphical object inside of a frame; a touch-sensitive surfaceunit 1004 configured to receive user gestures; one or more sensor units1005 configured to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitivesurface unit; and a processing unit 1006 coupled to the display unit1002, the touch-sensitive surface unit 1004, and the sensor units 1005.In some embodiments, the processing unit includes a detecting unit 1008,a display enabling unit 1010, a moving unit 1012, and an adjusting unit1014.

The processing unit 1006 is configured to: detect a gesture (e.g., withthe detecting unit 1008), wherein detecting the gesture includes:detecting a contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit 1004 while afocus selector is over the graphical object; and detecting movement ofthe contact across the touch-sensitive surface unit 1004; and inresponse to detecting the gesture: in accordance with a determinationthat the contact met predefined intensity criteria, remove the graphicalobject from the frame (e.g., with the moving unit 1012); and inaccordance with a determination that the contact did not meet thepredefined intensity criteria, adjust an appearance of the graphicalobject inside of the frame (e.g., with the adjusting unit 1014).

In some embodiments, the movement of the contact corresponds to movementof the focus selector outside of the frame.

In some embodiments, the predefined intensity criteria include that thecontact reached an intensity during the gesture above a respectiveintensity threshold before the focus selector moved outside of theframe.

In some embodiments, the predefined intensity criteria include that thecontact reached an intensity during the gesture above a respectiveintensity threshold at any point in time during the gesture.

In some embodiments, the predefined intensity criteria include that thecontact reached an intensity during the gesture above a respectiveintensity threshold prior to detecting the movement of the contact.

In some embodiments, adjusting the appearance of the graphical objectinside of the frame (e.g., with the adjusting unit 1014) includestranslating the graphical object laterally within the frame on thedisplay unit 1002.

In some embodiments, adjusting the appearance of the graphical objectinside of the frame (e.g., with the adjusting unit 1014) includesresizing the graphical object within the frame on the display unit 1002.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 1006 is further configured tocontinue to detect movement of the contact (e.g., with the detectingunit 1008), wherein the movement of the contact corresponds to movementof the focus selector; and enable display of (e.g., with the displayenabling unit 1010) a thumbnail image of the graphical object moving onthe display unit 1002 in accordance with movement of the focus selectorafter removing the graphical object from the frame.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 1006 is further configured todetect an end of the gesture; and respond to detecting the end of thegesture by moving (e.g., with the moving unit 1012) the graphical objectto a different frame on the display unit 1002.

The operations in the information processing methods described aboveare, optionally implemented by running one or more functional modules ininformation processing apparatus such as general purpose processors(e.g., as described above with respect to FIGS. 1A and 3) or applicationspecific chips.

The operations described above with reference to FIGS. 6A-6B are,optionally, implemented by components depicted in FIGS. 1A-1B or FIG. 7.For example, detection operation 906, removing operation 916, adjustingoperation 924 and moving operation 936 are, optionally implemented byevent sorter 170, event recognizer 180, and event handler 190. Eventmonitor 171 in event sorter 170 detects a contact on touch-sensitivedisplay 112, and event dispatcher module 174 delivers the eventinformation to application 136-1. A respective event recognizer 180 ofapplication 136-1 compares the event information to respective eventdefinitions 186, and determines whether a first contact at a firstlocation on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefinedevent or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface.When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, eventrecognizer 180 activates an event handler 190 associated with thedetection of the event or sub-event. Event handler 190 optionallyutilizes or calls data updater 176 or object updater 177 to update theapplication internal state 192. In some embodiments, event handler 190accesses a respective GUI updater 178 to update what is displayed by theapplication. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinaryskill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on thecomponents depicted in FIGS. 1A-1B.

Manipulating Images and Masked Images

Many electronic devices have graphical user interfaces that includevarious masked images that are controlled by a confusing set ofoverlapping and sometimes conflicting inputs. For example, masking animage is often useful when preparing a document for presentation. Inthis example, a user will often want to display only part of a largerimage or the user will want to adjust the orientation of the image forpresentation. Utilizing image masks allows the user to perform thesetasks without modifying the original image. However modifying an imagemask or an original image that is masked by the image mask sometimesrequires multiple steps including navigating through multiple menus tolocate controls for modifying the image mask or the original image.There is often a need to provide a fast, efficient, and convenient wayfor users to transition between modifying the masked image (the imagemask and the original image concurrently) and modifying the originalimage corresponding to the masked image. The embodiments described belowprovide a fast, efficient, and convenient way for users to transitionbetween modifying the masked image (the image mask and the originalimage concurrently) and modifying the original image corresponding tothe masked image using inputs that are differentiated in accordance withan intensity of the inputs.

FIGS. 8A-8N illustrate exemplary user interfaces for manipulating imagesand masked images using gestures on a touch-sensitive surface inaccordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in these figuresare used to illustrate the processes described below with reference toFIGS. 9A-9C. FIGS. 8A-8N include intensity diagrams that show thecurrent intensity of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface relativeto a plurality of intensity thresholds including a respective threshold(e.g., “IT_(D)”). In some embodiments, operations similar to thosedescribed below with reference to IT_(D) are performed with reference toa different intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”).

FIG. 8A illustrates an example of a user interface that includes amasked image. User interface 1500 is displayed on display 450 of adevice (e.g., device 300) and is responsive to gestures ontouch-sensitive surface 451. User interface 1500 includes masked image1502 displayed within image mask 1504.

In some embodiments, the device is an electronic device with a separatedisplay (e.g., display 450) and a separate touch-sensitive surface(e.g., touch-sensitive surface 451). In some embodiments, the device isportable multifunction device 100, the display is touch-sensitivedisplay system 112, and the touch-sensitive surface includes tactileoutput generators 167 on the display (FIG. 1A). For convenience ofexplanation, the embodiments described with reference to FIGS. 8A-8N and9A-9C will be discussed with reference to display 450 and a separatetouch-sensitive surface 451, however analogous operations are,optionally, performed on a device with a touch-sensitive display system112 in response to detecting the contacts described in FIGS. 8A-8N onthe touch-sensitive display system 112 while displaying the userinterfaces shown in FIGS. 8A-8N on the touch-sensitive display system112; in such embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: arespective contact, a representative point corresponding to a contact(e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with arespective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected onthe touch-sensitive display system 112, in place of cursor 1506.

FIG. 8B illustrates another example of a user interface. In FIG. 8B,user interface 1500 includes masked image 1502 displayed within imagemask 1504. In this example, masked image 1502 is displayed withinelectronic document 1508 on user interface 1500, per some embodiments.In some embodiments, graphical user interface 1500 in FIG. 8B alsoincludes a displayed representation of focus selector 1506, which isdisplayed on a portion of the user interface that does not includemasked image 1502. Focus selector 1506 is responsive to gestures ontouch-sensitive surface 451. For example, in FIG. 8B, the device detectsmovement of contact 1510 down and to the right on the touch-sensitivesurface 451 while an intensity of contact 1510 is between acontact-detection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT₀”) and a light pressintensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”) and in response to detecting themovement of contact 1510, focus selector 1506 is moved down and to theright on display 450 to a position on the display 450 that is overmasked image 1502 (e.g., as shown in FIG. 8C).

In some embodiments, a displayed representation of focus selector 1506is a cursor with a position on display 450 in accordance with contactsreceived by touch-sensitive surface 451. In other embodiments the focusselector has a different displayed representation (e.g., a magnifyingglass). Alternatively, in some embodiments a representation of the focusselector is not displayed. For example, in embodiments using atouch-sensitive display system, the position of the focus selectorcorresponds to the location on the display of a contact or gesture.Further, the focus selector is herein defined to be “over” a userinterface object when the position of the focus selector corresponds tothe location on the display of the user interface object. It should beappreciated that the focus selector can be any component of anelectronic device that determines the position of a gesture within auser interface.

FIGS. 8C-8D illustrate an example of modifying a masked image. In thisexample, masked image 1502 is displayed at an initial position 1502-awithin electronic document 1508, as shown in FIG. 8C. In FIG. 8D, maskedimage 1502 has been moved to position 1502-b. The movement of maskedimage 1502 from initial position 1502-a to position 1502-b correspondsto movement of focus selector 1506 in accordance with movement 1512 ofthe contact 1510 on touch-sensitive surface 451. In some embodiments,FIGS. 8C-8D further illustrate displaying a current selection indicatorthat indicates a user interface object that will be adjusted inaccordance with the gesture. In this instance, current selectionindicator 1514 comprises handles (eight graphical dots) around theborder of masked image 1502. In this example, contact 1510,corresponding to focus selector 1506, has a maximum intensity below arespective intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”).

As shown in FIG. 8D, a user gesture on touch-sensitive surface 451includes contact 1510 while focus selector 1506 is over masked image1502 and movement 1512 of the contact across touch-sensitive surface451, and in response to detecting the gesture, the device moves maskedimage 1502 up and to the right on display 450, as shown in FIG. 8D.

FIGS. 8E-8F illustrate an example of modifying an original imagecorresponding to a masked image relative to an image mask. In thisexample, contact 1510 has a maximum intensity that is above a respectiveintensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”). Original image 1516, correspondingto masked image 1502, is revealed at initial position 1516-a, as shownin FIG. 8E. The movement of original image 1516 from initial position1516-a to position 1516-b (as shown in FIG. 8F) corresponds to movementof focus selector 1506 in accordance with movement 1513 of contact 1510on touch-sensitive surface 451. FIGS. 8E-8F further illustrate anexample of current selection indicator 1514 comprising handles (eightgraphical dots) around the border of original image 1516 indicating thatoriginal image 1516 will be adjusted in accordance with the gesture. Asshown in FIG. 8F, image mask 1504 is not moved by the user gesture inthis example because contact 1510 has a maximum intensity that is abovethe respective intensity threshold. Therefore, only original image 1516is moved.

In some embodiments, the original image (e.g., image 1516-a in FIG. 8E)is displayed along with image mask (e.g., image mask 1504 in FIG. 8E) inresponse to detecting the increase in intensity of the contact to anintensity that is greater than a respective intensity threshold (e.g.,IT_(D)), as shown in FIG. 8E. In some embodiments, after the originalimage and image mask have been displayed, the original image and imagemask continue to be displayed even if the intensity of the contactdecreases below the respective intensity threshold (e.g., IT_(D)). Forexample, after the original image and image mask have been displayed,the display of the original image and image mask is maintained when theintensity of the contact decreases to an intensity below IT_(D), and theoriginal image and image mask are replaced with a masked image when theintensity of the contact is reduced below IT_(L). As another example,after the original image and image mask the display of the originalimage and image mask is maintained when the intensity of the contactdecreases to an intensity below IT_(D), and the original image and imagemask are replaced with a masked image when the contact is lifted off ofthe touch-sensitive surface (e.g., the intensity of the contact isreduced below IT₀). Thus, in some embodiments, in response to detectinga press input on the touch-sensitive surface that includes a contactwith an intensity above IT_(D), the device enters an mask-edit mode inwhich the image mask and the original image can be modified (e.g., movedand/or resized) independently of each other without regard to whether ornot the intensity of the contact is above IT_(D). In some embodiments,the device exits the mask-edit mode in response to detecting a decreasein intensity of the contact below a different intensity threshold (e.g.,IT_(L)) such as IT_(L). In some embodiments, the device exits themask-edit mode in response to detecting liftoff of the contact from thetouch-sensitive surface (e.g., a decrease in intensity of the contactbelow IT₀). In some embodiments, the device exits the mask-edit mode inresponse to detecting an increase in intensity of the contact from anintensity below a different intensity threshold (e.g., IT_(L)) to anintensity above the respective intensity threshold (e.g. IT_(D)). Insome embodiments, original image 1516-a is moved relative to image mask1504 while contact has an intensity between IT_(L) and IT_(D) (e.g.,contact 1510 has an intensity between IT_(L) and IT_(D) during some orall of movement 1513). In some embodiments, original image 1516-a ismoved relative to image mask 1504 while contact has an intensity betweenIT₀ and IT_(D) (e.g., contact 1510 has an intensity between IT₀ andIT_(L) during some or all of movement 1513).

FIGS. 8G-8H illustrate another example of modifying a masked image. Inthis example, the gesture includes a plurality of contacts 1515 andmovement 1517 of the plurality of contacts relative to each other ontouch-sensitive surface 451, as shown in FIG. 8H. FIG. 8G shows theinitial size of masked image 1502 and FIG. 8H shows masked image 1502reduced in size in accordance with movement 1517 of contacts 1515 ontouch-sensitive surface 451.

FIGS. 8I-8J illustrate another example of modifying an original imagecorresponding to a masked image within an image mask. In this example,the gesture again includes a plurality of contacts 1515 and movement1517 of the plurality of contacts relative to each other ontouch-sensitive surface 451, as shown in FIG. 8J. In response todetecting the gesture and in accordance with a determination thatcontacts 1515 have a maximum intensity that is above a respectiveintensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”) during the gesture, original image1516 is resized without resizing image mask 1504. FIG. 8I shows theinitial size of original image 1516 and FIG. 8J shows original image1516 reduced in size in accordance with movement 1517 of contacts 1515on touch-sensitive surface 451.

FIGS. 8K-8N illustrate an example of adjusting the appearance of acurrent selection indicator, for example in response to determining thata contact (e.g., contact 1515-1 or contact 1515-2 in FIG. 8K) hasexceeded a respective intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”). In thisexample, current selection indicator 1514 comprises handles (eightgraphical dots) around the border of a selected user interface object asillustrated in FIG. 8K. FIG. 8K shows an initial state of currentselection indicator 1514 at initial position 1514-a indicating thatmasked image 1502 will be adjusted, while contacts 1515 have anintensity below the respective intensity threshold. In FIG. 8L, afterdetecting an increase in intensity of contacts 1515 above the respectiveintensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”) original image 1516 is revealed andcontinuous animation of current selection indicator 1514 occurs. In thisinstance, continuous animation of current selection indicator 1514includes the handles moving from an initial position (e.g., position1514-a in FIG. 8L) indicating that masked image 1502 will be adjusted tointermediate positions (e.g., position 1514-b in FIG. 8M) to an endposition (e.g., position 1514-c in FIG. 8N) indicating that originalimage 1516 will be adjusted.

FIGS. 9A-9C are flow diagrams illustrating a method 1600 of manipulatingimages and masked images in accordance with some embodiments. The method1600 is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device 300, FIG. 3, orportable multifunction device 100, FIG. 1A) with a display and atouch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the display is a touchscreen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on the display. Insome embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitivesurface. Some operations in method 1600 are, optionally, combined and/orthe order of some operations may be changed.

As described below, the method 1600 provides an intuitive way tomanipulate images and masked images. The method reduces the cognitiveburden on a user when manipulating images and masked images, therebycreating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operatedelectronic devices, enabling a user to manipulate images and maskedimages faster and more efficiently conserves power and increases thetime between battery charges.

The device displays (1602) a masked image, where the masked imagecorresponds to an original image that is at least partially hidden inaccordance with a corresponding image mask. In some embodiments, themasked imaged is displayed in an electronic document. FIG. 8E, forexample, shows masked image 1502 relative to image mask 1504 andcorresponding to original image 1516.

The device detects (1604) a gesture that includes a contact (1606) onthe touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a finger contact) while a focusselector is over the graphical object and movement (1608) of the contactacross the touch-sensitive surface. As shown in FIG. 8D, for example,contact 1510 and movement 1512 of the contact is detected ontouch-sensitive surface 451. In some embodiments, the gesture includeslateral movement of the contact across the touch-sensitive surface. Insome embodiments, the gesture includes a plurality of contacts andmovement of the plurality of contacts relative to each other on thetouch-sensitive surface.

In response to detecting a gesture (1610) one or more of operations1612-1622 are performed. In accordance with a determination that thecontact has a maximum intensity that is below a respective intensitythreshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”) during the gesture, the device modifies(1612) the masked image in accordance with the gesture; where modifyingthe masked image includes concurrently modifying the image mask and theoriginal image. For example, FIGS. 8C-8D show contact 1510 having amaximum intensity that is below a respective intensity threshold (e.g.,“IT_(D)”). Therefore, masked image 1502 is modified (moved from position1502-a in FIG. 8C to position 1502-b in FIG. 8D).

In response to detecting a gesture and in accordance with adetermination that the contact reaches an intensity during the gesturethat is above the respective intensity threshold, the device adjusts(1614) the original image (e.g., by resizing, rotating and/orrepositioning the original image) relative to the image mask inaccordance with the gesture. In some embodiments, the determination asto whether to modify the masked image or to modify the original imageinside of the image mask is made based on an intensity of the contactbefore movement of the contact is detected. For example, FIGS. 8E-8Fshow contact 1510 having a maximum intensity that is above a respectiveintensity threshold (represented by a dense patterned background incontact 1510). Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8F original image 1516 ismodified (moved from position 1516-a in FIG. 8E to position 1516-b inFIG. 8F) without adjusting or modifying image mask 1504.

In some embodiments, adjusting the original image relative to the imagemask in accordance with the gesture includes adjusting (1616) theoriginal image without modifying the image mask. Thus, in someembodiments, in some embodiments, when the contact has an intensityabove the respective intensity threshold, the original image is adjustedindependently from the image mask. FIGS. 8E-8F, for example, illustrateoriginal image 1516 moving from position 1516-a (FIG. 8E) to position1516-b (FIG. 8F) in accordance with movement of focus selector 1506 andwithout modification to image mask 1504.

In some embodiments, the masked image is displayed in an electronicdocument, the gesture includes lateral movement of the contact acrossthe touch-sensitive surface, modifying the masked image in accordancewith the gesture includes repositioning (1618) the masked image withinthe electronic document in accordance with the lateral movement of thecontact on the touch-sensitive surface, and adjusting the original imagerelative to the image mask in accordance with the gesture includesrepositioning the original image relative to the image mask inaccordance with the lateral movement of the contact on thetouch-sensitive surface, without moving the image mask within theelectronic document. As a result, when the contact has an intensitybelow the respective intensity threshold the whole masked image isrepositioned in response to detecting the gesture, whereas when thecontact has an intensity above the respective intensity threshold, adifferent portion of the original image is shown inside the image maskin response to detecting the gesture. In FIGS. 8C-8D, for example,masked image 1502 is displayed within electronic document 1508 and ismoved from position 1502-a (FIG. 8C) to position 1502-b (FIG. 8D) inaccordance with lateral movement 1512 of contact 1510 on touch-sensitivesurface 451. In contrast, in FIGS. 8E-8F, for example, original image1516 is displayed (corresponding to masked image 1502 within electronicdocument 1508) and is moved from position 1516-a (FIG. 8E) to position1516-b (FIG. 8F) in accordance with lateral movement 1513 of contact1510 on touch-sensitive surface 451. Image mask 1504 is not moved inFIGS. 8E-8F in accordance with a determination that contact 1510 reachesan intensity during the gesture that is above the respective intensitythreshold.

In some embodiments, the aforementioned masked image is displayed in anelectronic document, the gesture includes a plurality of contacts andmovement of the plurality of contacts relative to each other on thetouch-sensitive surface, modifying the masked image in accordance withthe gesture includes resizing (1620) the masked image within theelectronic document in accordance with the movement of the plurality ofcontacts relative to each other on the touch-sensitive surface, andadjusting the original image relative to the image mask in accordancewith the gesture includes resizing the original image relative to theimage mask in accordance with the movement of the plurality of contactsrelative to each other on the touch-sensitive surface, without resizingthe image mask within the electronic document. As a result, when thecontact has an intensity below the respective intensity threshold thewhole masked image is resized in response to detecting the gesture,whereas when the contact has an intensity above the respective intensitythreshold, the original image resized without resizing the mask inresponse to detecting the gesture. In FIGS. 8G-8H, for example, maskedimage 1502 is resized within electronic document 1508. FIG. 8G shows theinitial size of masked image 1502 and FIG. 8H shows masked image 1502reduced in size in accordance with movement 1517 of contacts 1515 ontouch-sensitive surface 451. In contrast, in FIGS. 8I-8J, for example,original image 1516 is resized within electronic document 1508. FIG. 8Ishows the initial size of original image 1516 and FIG. 8J shows originalimage 1516 reduced in size in accordance with movement 1517 of contacts1515 on touch-sensitive surface 451. Image mask 1504 is not resized inFIGS. 8I-8J in accordance with a determination that a contact 1515reaches an intensity during the gesture that is above the respectiveintensity threshold.

In some embodiments, prior to detecting the gesture, the device operatesin a masked-image-manipulation mode in which the mask and the originalimage are modified together, and in response to detecting that thecontact has an intensity over the respective intensity threshold, thedevice enters and subsequently operates in (1622) a mask-edit mode wherethe mask and the original image can be modified (e.g., moved and/orresized) independently of each other. In FIGS. 8C-8D, for example,masked image 1502 and image mask 1504 are moved (modified) together,corresponding to a device operating in a masked-image-manipulation mode.In contrast, in FIGS. 8E-8F, for example, contact 1510 has an intensityover the respective intensity threshold and original image 1516 is moved(modified) independent of image mask 1504, corresponding to the deviceoperating in a mask-edit mode.

In some embodiments, the device displays (1624) a current selectionindicator that indicates a user interface object that will be adjustedin accordance with the gesture. In FIG. 8C, for example, currentselection indicator 1514 is displayed indicating that masked image 1502will be adjusted in accordance with the gesture. In this example,current selection indicator 1514 comprises handles (eight graphicaldots) around the border of masked image 1502.

In some embodiments, while the contact has an intensity below therespective intensity threshold, the current selection indicatorindicates that the masked image will be adjusted in accordance thegesture (1626). In some of these embodiments, the device detects (1628)an increase in intensity of the contact above the respective intensitythreshold, and in response to detecting the increase in intensity of thecontact above the respective intensity threshold, the device adjusts(1630) the appearance of the current selection indicator to indicatethat the original image will be adjusted (e.g., without adjusting theimage mask) in accordance with the gesture. For example, in FIGS. 8K-8N,current selection indicator 1514 initially indicates that masked image1502 will be adjusted (FIG. 8K) and in response to determining that arespective contact (e.g., 1515-1 or 1515-2) has exceeded the respectiveintensity threshold, current selection indicator 1514 indicates thatoriginal image 1516 will be adjusted (FIG. 8N).

In some embodiments, adjusting the appearance of the current selectionindicator includes displaying a continuous animation of a set ofresizing handles moving from an a first boundary indicating an extent ofthe masked image on the display to a second boundary indicating anextent of the original image on the display (1632). FIGS. 8K-8Nillustrate an example of adjusting the appearance of current selectionindicator 1514 in response to determining that a respective contact(e.g., 1515-1 or 1515-2) has exceeded the respective intensitythreshold. FIG. 8K illustrates an initial state of current selectionindicator 1514 at initial position 1514-a indicating that masked image1502 will be adjusted. In FIG. 8L, in accordance with a determinationthat a respective contact (e.g., 1515-1 or 1515-2) has a maximumintensity that is above a respective intensity threshold (e.g.,“IT_(D)”), original image 1516 is revealed and continuous animation ofcurrent selection indicator 1514 occurs. In this instance, continuousanimation of current selection indicator 1514 includes the handlesmoving from an initial position (e.g., position 1514-a in FIG. 8L)indicating that masked image 1502 will be adjusted through one or moreintermediate positions (e.g., position 1514-b in FIG. 8M) to an endposition (e.g., position 1514-c in FIG. 8N) indicating that originalimage 1516 will be adjusted.

It should be understood that the particular order in which theoperations in FIGS. 9A-9C have been described is merely exemplary and isnot intended to indicate that the described order is the only order inwhich the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in theart would recognize various ways to reorder the operations describedherein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processesdescribed herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g.,those listed in the fifth paragraph of the Description of Embodiments)are also applicable in an analogous manner to method 1600 describedabove with respect to FIGS. 9A-9C. For example, the gestures, contacts,intensity thresholds, images, image masks, and focus selectors describedabove with reference to method 1600 optionally have one or more of thecharacteristics of the gestures, contacts, intensity thresholds, images,image masks, and focus selectors described herein with reference toother methods described herein (e.g., those listed in the fifthparagraph of the Description of Embodiments). For brevity, these detailsare not repeated here.

In accordance with some embodiments, FIG. 10 shows a functional blockdiagram of an electronic device 1700 configured in accordance with theprinciples of the various described embodiments. The functional blocksof the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or acombination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of thevarious described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill inthe art that the functional blocks described in FIG. 10 are, optionally,combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of thevarious described embodiments. Therefore, the description hereinoptionally supports any possible combination or separation or furtherdefinition of the functional blocks described herein. As shown in FIG.10, an electronic device 1700 includes a display unit 1702 configured toa masked image, wherein the masked image corresponds to an originalimage that is at least partially hidden in accordance with acorresponding image mask; a touch-sensitive surface unit 1704 configuredto receive user gestures; one or more sensor units 1705 configured todetect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface unit; anda processing unit 1706 coupled to the display unit 1702, thetouch-sensitive surface unit 1704, and the sensor units 1705. In someembodiments, the processing unit includes a detecting unit 1708, adisplay enabling unit 1710, a modifying unit 1712, and an adjusting unit1714.

The processing unit 1706 is configured to detect a gesture (e.g., withthe detecting unit 1708) that includes a contact on the touch-sensitivesurface unit while a focus selector is over the masked image, andmovement of the contact across the touch-sensitive surface unit. Theprocessing unit 1706 is further configured to respond to detecting thegesture, in accordance with a determination that the contact has amaximum intensity that is below a respective intensity threshold duringthe gesture, by modifying the masked image in accordance with thegesture (e.g., with the modifying unit 1712), wherein modifying themasked image includes concurrently modifying the image mask and theoriginal image; and in accordance with a determination that the contactreaches an intensity during the gesture that is above the respectiveintensity threshold, by adjusting the original image relative to theimage mask in accordance with the gesture (e.g., with the adjusting unit1714).

In some embodiments, adjusting the original image relative to the imagemask in accordance with the gesture includes adjusting the originalimage without modifying the image mask (e.g., with the adjusting unit1714).

In some embodiments, the masked image is displayed in an electronicdocument on the display unit 1702, the gesture includes lateral movementof the contact across the touch-sensitive surface unit 1704, modifyingthe masked image in accordance with the gesture (e.g., with themodifying unit 1712) includes repositioning the masked image within theelectronic document in accordance with the lateral movement of thecontact on the touch-sensitive surface unit, and adjusting the originalimage relative to the image mask in accordance with the gesture (e.g.,with the adjusting unit 1714) includes repositioning the original imagerelative to the image mask in accordance with the lateral movement ofthe contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit, without moving theimage mask within the electronic document. As a result of thisrepositioning, a different portion of the original image is shown insidethe image mask.

In some embodiments, the masked image is displayed in an electronicdocument on the display unit 1702, the gesture includes a plurality ofcontacts and movement of the plurality of contacts relative to eachother on the touch-sensitive surface unit 1704, modifying the maskedimage in accordance with the gesture (e.g., with the modifying unit1712) includes resizing the masked image within the electronic documentin accordance with the movement of the plurality of contacts relative toeach other on the touch-sensitive surface unit, and adjusting theoriginal image relative to the image mask in accordance with the gesture(e.g., with the adjusting unit 1714) includes resizing the originalimage relative to the image mask in accordance with the movement of theplurality of contacts relative to each other on the touch-sensitivesurface unit 1704, without resizing the image mask within the electronicdocument.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 1706 is further configured toenable display (e.g., with the display enabling unit 1710) of a currentselection indicator that indicates a user interface object that will beadjusted in accordance with the gesture.

In some embodiments, while the contact has an intensity below therespective intensity threshold, the current selection indicatorindicates that the masked image will be adjusted in accordance thegesture. Furthermore, the processing unit 1706 is configured detect(e.g., with the detecting unit 1708) an increase in intensity of thecontact above the respective intensity threshold and to respond todetecting the increase in intensity of the contact above the respectiveintensity threshold, by adjusting (e.g., with the adjusting unit 1714)the appearance of the current selection indicator to indicate that theoriginal image will be adjusted in accordance with the gesture.

In some embodiments, adjusting the appearance of the current selectionindicator (e.g., with the adjusting unit 1714) includes displaying acontinuous animation of a set of resizing handles moving from an a firstboundary indicating an extent of the masked image on the display unit toa second boundary indicating an extent of the original image on thedisplay unit 1702.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 1706 is further configured,prior to detecting the gesture, to operate in amasked-image-manipulation mode in which the mask and the original imageare modified together; and in response to detecting that the contact hasan intensity over the respective intensity threshold (e.g., with thedetecting unit 1708), to operate in a mask-edit mode where the mask andthe original image can be modified independently of each other.

The operations in the information processing methods described aboveare, optionally implemented by running one or more functional modules ininformation processing apparatus such as general purpose processors(e.g., as described above with respect to FIGS. 1A and 3) or applicationspecific chips.

The operations described above with reference to FIGS. 9A-9C are,optionally, implemented by components depicted in FIGS. 1A-1B or FIG.10. For example, detection operation 1604, modifying operation 1612, andadjusting operation 1614 are, optionally, implemented by event sorter170, event recognizer 180, and event handler 190. Event monitor 171 inevent sorter 170 detects a contact on touch-sensitive display 112, andevent dispatcher module 174 delivers the event information toapplication 136-1. A respective event recognizer 180 of application136-1 compares the event information to respective event definitions186, and determines whether a first contact at a first location on thetouch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event,such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respectivepredefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer 180activates an event handler 190 associated with the detection of theevent or sub-event. Event handler 190 optionally utilizes or calls dataupdater 176 or object updater 177 to update the application internalstate 192. In some embodiments, event handler 190 accesses a respectiveGUI updater 178 to update what is displayed by the application.Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in theart how other processes can be implemented based on the componentsdepicted in FIGS. 1A-1B.

Word Spelling Correction

When a user is editing text in an electronic document, the user may wishto correct spelling of a misspelled word in the text, some applicationshave separate spelling correction interfaces that are accessed through acomplex sequence of gestures or other inputs however these interfacesare cumbersome and inefficient for correcting spelling errors. In somemethods, the user would edit the misspelled word manually or move afocus selector over the word and activate a spelling correction thatprovides candidate words for correcting the spelling. This processinvolves multiple steps on the part of the user, and thus can be tediousand time-consuming. The embodiments below improve on these methods byallowing the user to activate correction of a misspelled word by, whilea focus selector is located over the misspelled word, performing agesture with contact that meets predefined intensity criteria. If thecontact meets the predefined intensity criteria, the misspelled word isautomatically corrected. This makes text editing more efficient byallowing the user to correct misspelled words more quickly.

FIGS. 11A-11DD illustrate exemplary user interfaces for word spellingcorrection in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces inthese figures are used to illustrate the processes described below,including the processes in FIGS. 12A-12D. FIGS. 11A-11DD includeintensity diagrams that show the current intensity of the contact on thetouch-sensitive surface relative to a plurality of intensity thresholdsincluding one or more of a word replacement intensity threshold (e.g.,“IT_(D)”), a first word preview intensity threshold (e.g., “IT₁”), asecond word preview intensity threshold (e.g., “IT₂”), acorrection-cancellation intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(C)”) and a lightpress intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”).

FIG. 11A illustrates user interface 3000 displayed on display 450 (e.g.,display 340) of a device (e.g., device 300). User interface 3000 is aninterface corresponding to an application. For example, user interface3000 is, optionally, an interface corresponding to a web browserapplication, text editor application, word processor application, noteapplication, messaging (e.g., email, chat) application, e-bookapplication, or document reader application. User interface 3000 asshown in FIG. 11A is an email composition user interface for an emailapplication.

User interface 3000 includes text display area 3001, in which textualcontent, such as words 3002, is, optionally, displayed. In someembodiments, words 3002 are part of electronic document 3003 (forexample, text document, word processor document, email message, webpage, electronic book). Words 3002 include word “revidions” 3002-1,which is misspelled, as determined by the device. A word displayed intext display area 3001 (e.g., word 3002) is, optionally, determined tobe misspelled in accordance with a spell check function on the device,which compares words 3002 to word entries in a dictionary (e.g., adictionary stored in the memory 370 of the device.

In some embodiments, words 3002 that are determined to be misspelledare, optionally, displayed with visual indication of their status asmisspelled words. For example, a word 3002 determined to be misspelledis, optionally, displayed with underlining, different font size,different font color, bold font, italics, highlighting, and so on. Forexample, word 3002-1 is misspelled and is thus underlined in FIG. 11A.The style of the underlining is, optionally, single underline, doubleunderline, dotted underline, wavy underline, etc.

Cursor 3004 (for example, a mouse pointer) is also displayed in userinterface 3000. Cursor 3004 is an example of a focus selector. A useroptionally uses an input device (e.g., mouse 350, touchpad 355 or othertouch-sensitive surface) to move cursor 3004 to different locations inuser interface 3000. For example, FIG. 11A shows cursor 3004 displayedover text display area 3001, and the device detects a gesture includingmovement of contact 3006 across touch-sensitive surface 451 (e.g.,touchpad 355) of the device (e.g., while an intensity of contact 3006 isbetween a contact-detection intensity threshold IT₀ and a light pressintensity threshold IT_(L)), as shown in FIGS. 11A-11B. FIG. 11B showscursor 3004 located over word 3002-1 with contact 3006 still detected ontouch-sensitive surface 451. While cursor 3004 is located over word3002-1, the gesture is, optionally, ended by lifting contact 3006 offtouch-sensitive surface 451.

In some embodiments, when cursor 3004 is moved over word 3002-1, ahaptic indication is, optionally, provided. The haptic indicationindicates to the user that performing a gesture that satisfiespredefined intensity criteria (described below) on misspelled word3002-1 will cause correction of the misspelled word. For example, inFIG. 11B, in response to detecting movement of the focus selector (e.g.,cursor 3006) over word 3002-1, the device generates tactile output 3005(e.g., a vibration or other movement of the touch-sensitive surface 451)to provide an indication that word 3002-1 is responsive to a gestureincluding a contact with an intensity above the respective threshold(e.g., “IT_(D)”).

While cursor 3004 is positioned over word 3002-1, the device monitors anintensity of contact 3006 to determine whether or not contact 3006 meetsone or more predefined intensity criteria. In some embodiments, thepredefined intensity criteria are met when a contact has an intensityabove a word replacement intensity threshold at a predefined timerelative to liftoff of the contact. For example, the intensity ofcontact 3006 at a predefined time prior to liftoff (e.g., 10 ms) isdetermined to evaluate whether the predefined intensity criteria aremet. In some embodiments, the predefined intensity criteria are met whenthe contact has an intensity above the word replacement intensitythreshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”) at any time during the gesture (while cursor3004 is located over word 3002-1) prior to detecting liftoff of thecontact. For example, the intensity of contact 3006 just prior toliftoff is determined to evaluate whether the predefined intensitycriteria are met. As another example, the maximum intensity of contact3006 prior to liftoff is determined to evaluate whether the predefinedintensity criteria are met.

In FIG. 11B, contact 3006 is a contact that does not meet the predefinedintensity criteria (e.g., contact 3006 has a maximum intensity belowIT_(D)). In FIGS. 11C-11D, the device detects a press input including anincrease in intensity of contact 3006 from an intensity below a lightpress intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”) to an intensity above thelight press intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”) as shown in FIG. 11Cand a decrease in intensity of contact 3006 below the light pressintensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”) as shown in FIG. 11D. In responseto detecting the gesture performed with contact 3006, when an end of thegesture (e.g., liftoff of contact 3006 or a reduction in intensity ofthe contact below IT_(L)) is detected, a user interface for interactingwith word 3002-1 within text display area 3001 is displayed.

In some embodiments, the use interface for interacting with word 3002-1includes a text cursor, insertion point, or the like. For example, textcursor 3008 is, optionally, displayed near word 3002-1 (for example, atthe beginning or end of word 3002-1, within word 3002-1) in response todetection of the increase in intensity of contact 3006 from an intensitybelow a light press intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”) to an intensityabove the light press intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”), as shown inFIG. 11C. Text cursor 3008 indicates a current location in words 3002 atwhich the user optionally enters additional characters or deletecharacters.

In some embodiments, the use interface for interacting with word 3002-1includes an affordance for a replacement word that, when activated,replaces word 3002-1 with the replacement word. For example, replacementword affordance 3010 is, optionally, displayed near word 3002-1 inresponse to detection of the decrease in intensity of contact 3006 froman intensity above the light press intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”)to an intensity below the light press intensity threshold (e.g.,“IT_(L)”), as shown in FIG. 11D. Replacement word affordance 3010includes a suggested replacement word (“revisions”) for word 3002-1. Thereplacement word is, optionally, a word that corrects the spelling ofword 3002-1 or auto-completes word 3002-1. The user optionally activatesreplacement word affordance 3010 by positioning cursor 3004 overreplacement word affordance 3010 and performing a gesture (e.g., a tapgesture or a press input) on touch-sensitive surface 451 while cursor3004 is located over replacement word affordance 3010. In response tothe activation of replacement word affordance 3010, word “revisions”3002-1 would be replaced with word “revisions.”

In some embodiments, the user interface for interacting with word 3002-1includes one or more affordances 3012 for interacting with word 3002-1.For example, “Cut” affordance 3012-1, “Copy” affordance 3012-2, and“Paste” affordance 3012-3 is, optionally, displayed, as shown in FIG.11E. A user optionally activates “Cut” affordance 3012-1 to copy word3002-1 (e.g., to a virtual clipboard for pasting elsewhere) and todelete word 502-1 from words 3002. A user optionally activates “Copy”affordance 3012-2 to copy word 3002-1 (e.g., to a virtual clipboard forpasting elsewhere). A user optionally activates “Paste” affordance3012-3 to insert previously copied text (e.g., text copied into avirtual clipboard) to replace word 3002-1.

Other examples of affordances for interacting with word 3002-1 include,for example, “Highlight” affordance 3012-4, “Add Note” affordance3012-5, “Search Document” affordance 3012-6, and “Search” affordance3012-7, as shown in FIG. 11F. A user optionally activates “Highlight”affordance 3012-4 to highlight (e.g., with yellow or green color) word3002-1. A user optionally activates “Add Note” affordance 3012-5 tocreate a note to be associated with word 3002-1. A user optionallyactivates “Search Document” affordance 3012-6 to search electronicdocument 3003 or words 3002 using word 3002-1 as a search term. A useroptionally activates “Search” affordance 3012-7 to search an informationrepository (e.g., a search engine, an online encyclopedia) using word3002-1 as a search term.

In some embodiments, the use interface for interacting with word 3002-1includes an affordance for launching a spelling correction interface.For example, spelling correction affordance 3014 is, optionally,displayed near word 3002-1 in response to detection of the gesture, asshown in FIG. 11G. When spelling correction affordance 3014 isactivated, a spelling correction interface is launched, as shown in FIG.5H. The spelling correction interface optionally includes one or moreoptions 3016 (e.g., one or more candidate replacement words) forcorrecting the spelling of word 3002-1. The user optionally activatesone of the options 3016 to replace word 3002 with a replacement wordcorresponding to the activated option 3016. In some embodiments, thespelling correction affordance includes the one or more options 3016(e.g., one or more candidate replacement words) for correcting thespelling of word 3002-1, as shown in FIG. 11H.

FIG. 11I shows, instead of the gesture performed with contact 3006, agesture performed with contact 3018 detected on touch-sensitive surface451. As with FIG. 11A, if cursor 3004 is not already located over word3002-1, the gesture optionally includes movement of contact 3018 to movecursor 3004 to a location over word 3002-1 (e.g., while an intensity ofcontact 3018 is between a contact-detection intensity threshold IT₀ anda light press intensity threshold IT_(L)). FIG. 11J shows cursor 3004located over word 3002-1 with contact 3018 (and the correspondinggesture) still detected on touch-sensitive surface 451. While cursor3004 is located over word 3002-1, the gesture is, optionally, ended bylifting contact 3018 off touch-sensitive surface 451.

In some embodiments, when cursor 3018 is moved over word 3002-1, ahaptic indication is, optionally, provided. The haptic indicationindicates to the user that performing a gesture that satisfies thepredefined intensity criteria on misspelled word 3002-1 will causecorrection of the misspelled word. For example, in FIG. 11J, in responseto detecting movement of the focus selector (e.g., cursor 3006) overword 3002-1, the device generates tactile output 3005 (e.g., a vibrationor other movement of the touch-sensitive surface 451) to provide anindication that word 3002-1 is responsive to a gesture including acontact with an intensity above the respective threshold (e.g.,“IT_(D)”).

While cursor 3004 is positioned over word 3002-1, the device monitors anintensity of contact 3018 to determine whether or not contact 3018 meetsone or more predefined intensity criteria. In FIG. 11J, contact 3018meets the predefined intensity criteria (e.g., contact 3006 has anintensity above IT_(D)). For example, as shown in FIG. 11I the intensityof contact 3018 is below the word replacement intensity threshold (e.g.,“IT_(D)”) prior to cursor 3004 being located over word 3002-1, and theintensity of contact 3018 is increased from an intensity below the wordreplacement intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”), as shown in FIG. 11J,to an intensity above the word replacement intensity threshold (e.g., bythe user pressing harder on touch-sensitive surface 451 with contact3018 to increase the intensity of contact 3018 over IT, as shown in FIG.11K) while cursor 3004 is located over word 3002-1. While cursor 3004 islocated over word 3002-1, the gesture is, optionally, ended by liftingcontact 3018 off touch-sensitive surface 451.

In response to detecting the gesture performed with contact 3018, when aincrease in intensity of contact 3018 from an intensity below the wordreplacement intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”) to an intensity abovethe word replacement intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”) is detected,the spelling of word 3002-1 is corrected, as shown in FIG. 11K. In someembodiments, the spelling of word 3002-1 is corrected in response todetecting an end of the gesture (e.g., detecting liftoff of contact 3018or detecting a decrease in intensity of contact 3018 from an intensityabove IT_(D) to an intensity below IT_(L)). For example, the originallymisspelled word 3002-1 “revidions” is replaced with correctly-spelled“revisions,” as shown in FIG. 11K. After the correction, visualindication of misspelling (e.g., dotted underline) for word 3002-1ceases to be displayed.

In some embodiments, the replacement word (e.g., “revisions”) thatreplaces the originally misspelled word 3002-1 (“revidions”) is ahighest ranked candidate replacement word amongst multiple candidatereplacement words. The highest ranked candidate replacement word is,optionally, determined by the device. For example, the device determinesmultiple candidate replacement words for the misspelled word (e.g.,identifying words in a dictionary that are within an edit distancethreshold from the misspelled word), ranks the multiple candidatereplacement words (e.g., based on usage frequency and/or edit distancefrom the misspelled word), and selects the highest ranked candidatereplacement word from the multiple candidate replacement words.

In some embodiments, a plurality of previews of the replacement wordsfor misspelled word 3002-1 are, optionally, displayed prior to theactual replacement of misspelled word 3002-1 with a replacement. FIG.11L shows contact 3018, continuing the gesture shown in FIG. 11I. InFIG. 11J, the intensity of contact 3018 is determined to be below afirst word preview intensity threshold (e.g., “IT₁”). In FIG. 11L, theintensity of contact 3018 is determined to exceed the first word previewintensity threshold (e.g., “IT₁”). In response to the determination thatthe intensity of contact 3018 exceeds the first word preview intensitythreshold (e.g., “IT₁”), word preview 3020-1 (“revisions”) is displayedin place of misspelled word 3002-1. Word preview 3020-1 shows a previewof a first candidate replacement word that corrects misspelled word3002-1. Word preview 3020-1 is, optionally, displayed with differentvisual styling (e.g., bold font, different font size, different fontcolor, etc.) than other words adjacent to the word preview in the blockof text to emphasize that it is a preview of the replacement word andthat the replacement of word 3002-1 has not occurred yet. In someembodiments, the first word preview intensity threshold is also the wordreplacement intensity threshold (e.g., the first word preview intensitythreshold is IT_(D)) for the first candidate replacement word shown inword preview 3020-1; if the gesture with contact 3018 ends (e.g., bydetecting liftoff of contact 3018 or a reduction in intensity of contact3018 below IT_(L)), word 3002-1 is replaced with the word in wordpreview 3020-1 (e.g., “revisions).

The intensity of contact 3018 is, optionally, increased further toexceed a second word preview intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”) thatis higher than the first word preview intensity threshold (e.g., “IT₁”),as shown in FIG. 11M. In response to the determination that theintensity of contact 3018 exceeds the second word preview intensitythreshold (e.g., “IT₂”), word preview 3020-2 (e.g., “revision”) isdisplayed in place of word preview 3020-1, as shown in FIG. 11M. Wordpreview 3020-2 previews shows a preview of a second candidatereplacement word that corrects misspelled word 3002-1. As with wordpreview 3020-1, word preview 3020-2 is, optionally, displayed withdifferent visual styling (e.g., bold font, different font size,different font color, etc.) than other words adjacent to the wordpreview in the block of text to emphasize that the replacement of word3002-1 has not occurred yet. In some embodiments, the second wordpreview intensity threshold (e.g., “IT₂”) is also a word replacementintensity threshold for the second candidate replacement word shown inword preview 3020-2; if the gesture with contact 3018 ends (e.g., bydetecting liftoff of contact 3018 or a reduction in intensity of contact3018 below IT_(L)), word 3002-1 is replaced with the word in wordpreview 3020-2.

In some circumstances, the device detects a decrease in the intensity ofcontact 3018 from an intensity above the first word preview intensitythreshold (e.g., “IT₁”) or the second word preview intensity threshold(e.g., “IT₂”) to a lower intensity below the first word previewintensity threshold (e.g., “IT₁”) or the second word preview intensitythreshold (e.g., “IT₂”) prior to liftoff of contact 3018 (or prior toreduction of intensity of contact 3018 to an intensity below IT_(L)).FIGS. 11L and 11N show contact 3018 with an intensity that is decreasedfrom above the first word preview intensity threshold (e.g., “IT₁”) toan intensity that is below a correction-cancellation intensity threshold(e.g., “IT_(C)”). The intensity that is below thecorrection-cancellation intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(C)”) ismaintained for at least a predefined amount of time (e.g., 1-2 seconds)before detecting an end of the gesture (e.g., liftoff of contact 3018 ora decrease in intensity of contact 3018 below IT_(L)). In someembodiments, the correction-cancellation intensity threshold and thefirst word preview intensity threshold are the same (e.g., thecorrection-cancellation intensity threshold and the first word previewintensity threshold are both IT_(D) or are both IT₁ for the firstreplacement word). In some other embodiments, thecorrection-cancellation intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(C)”) and thefirst word preview intensity threshold (e.g., “IT₁”) are different. Inresponse to detection of the decrease in intensity of contact 3018 belowthe correction-cancellation intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(C)”) andmaintenance of the intensity of contact 3018 below thecorrection-cancellation intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(C)”) for atleast a predefined time before detecting an end of the gesture (e.g.,liftoff of contact 3018 or a decrease in intensity of contact 3018 belowIT_(L)), word preview 3020-1 ceases to be displayed and word 3002-1 isdisplayed again, as shown in FIG. 11N.

After word preview 3020-1 ceases to be displayed, intensity of contact3018 is, optionally reduced to an intensity below IT_(L) (or contact3018 is lifted off touch-sensitive surface 451), ending the gesture. Inresponse to detection of the end of the gesture, a user interface (e.g.,affordances 3012) for interacting with word 3002-1 is, optionally,displayed, as shown in FIG. 11O.

FIG. 11P shows electronic document 3003 with words 3002 displayed intext display area 3001. Cursor 3004 is displayed on display 450 as well.Words 3002 includes misspelled words 3002-1 “revidions” and 3002-2“suggestions.” A gesture with contact 3024 is detected ontouch-sensitive surface 451. The gesture includes movement of contact3024 (e.g., while contact has an intensity between IT_(L) and IT_(D))that selects selection 3026 (FIG. 11Q) of a set of one or more words inwords 3002 and moves cursor 3004 to a position over word 3002-1, asshown in FIG. 11Q.

FIG. 11Q shows selection 3026 of a set of one or more words 3002.Included in the word selection 3026 are words 3002-1 and 3002-2. In somecircumstances, the user changes the intensity of contact 3024 so thatcontact 3024 meets the predefined intensity criteria, as shown in FIG.11R, where contact 3024 has an intensity above a word replacementintensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”). In response to detecting thegesture, in accordance with a determination that contact 3024 meets thepredefined intensity criteria, words 3002-1 and 3002-2 within selection3026 are both replaced with replacement words that correct theirrespective spelling, as shown in FIG. 11R.

FIG. 11S shows words 3002 with misspelled words 3002-1 and 3002-2, as inFIG. 11P. A gesture with contact 3028 is detected on touch-sensitivesurface 451. The gesture includes movement of contact 3028 (e.g., whilecontact has an intensity between IT_(L) and IT_(D)) that selects aselection 3026 (FIG. 11T) of a set of one or more words in words 3002and moves cursor 3004 to a position over word 3002-1, as shown in FIG.11T.

FIG. 11T shows selection 3026 of a set of one or more words 3002.Included in the word selection 3026 are words 3002-1 and 3002-2. Contact3028 does not meet the predefined intensity criteria, as shown in FIG.11T. In response to detecting the gesture, in accordance with adetermination that contact 3028 does not meet the predefined intensitycriteria, as shown in FIGS. 11S-11U where contact 3024 has a maximumintensity below the word replacement intensity threshold (e.g.,“IT_(D)”), a user interface for interacting with selection 3026 is,optionally, displayed, as shown in FIG. 11U after detecting an end ofthe gesture (e.g., liftoff of contact 3028 or a reduction in intensityof contact 3028 to an intensity below IT_(L)). For example, FIG. 11Ushows affordances 3012-1 thru 3012-3 that act on selection 3026 (or thetext in selection 3026), not just word 3002-1.

Returning to and continuing from FIG. 11K, FIGS. 11V-11W show, afterword 3002-1 has been corrected with a replacement word, a new gesturewith contact 3030 detected on touch-sensitive surface 451 while cursor3004 is positioned over word 3002-1. In FIG. 11V contact 3030 has anintensity below the word replacement intensity threshold (e.g.,“IT_(D)”) and in FIG. 11W, the intensity of contact 3030 is increased toan intensity over the word replacement intensity threshold (e.g.,“IT_(D)”) and thus the gesture including contact 3030 meets thepredefined intensity criteria.

In response to detecting the gesture performed with contact 3030,corrected word 3002-1 is replaced with another replacement word. Forexample, the corrected word 3002-1 “revisions” is replaced with“revision,” which is also correctly spelled, as shown in FIG. 11V. Insome embodiments, the corrected word is replaced with anotherreplacement word during the gesture (e.g., in response to detecting theincrease in intensity of contact 3030 above the word replacementintensity threshold). In some embodiments, the corrected word isreplaced with another replacement word in response to detecting a end ofthe gesture (e.g., in response to detecting liftoff of contact 3030 orin response to detecting a decrease in intensity of contact 3030 from anintensity above the word replacement intensity threshold to an intensitybelow the word replacement intensity threshold.

FIGS. 11X-11Y show, as in FIG. 11V, after word 3002-1 has been correctedwith a replacement word, a gesture with contact 3032 (instead of contact3030) detected on touch-sensitive surface 451 while cursor 3004 ispositioned over word 3002-1. The gesture performed with contact 3032includes detecting an increase in intensity of contact 3032 from anintensity below a light press intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”) to anintensity above the light press intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”).Contact 3032 does not meet the predefined intensity criteria (e.g.,because a maximum intensity of contact 3032 in FIGS. 11X-11Y is belowthe word replacement intensity threshold). In response to detecting thegesture performed with contact 3032, cursor 3008 is placed within thecorrected word 3002-1 and displayed, as shown in FIG. 11Y. In someembodiments, the cursor is placed within the corrected word during thegesture (e.g., in response to detecting the increase in intensity ofcontact 3032 above the light press intensity threshold). In someembodiments, the cursor is placed within the corrected word in responseto detecting a end of the gesture (e.g., in response to detectingliftoff of contact 3032 or in response to detecting a decrease inintensity of contact 3032 from an intensity above the light pressintensity threshold to an intensity below the light press intensitythreshold.

FIGS. 11Z-11DD illustrate examples of the user interfaces describedabove, with reference to FIGS. 11A-11Y, implemented on a device (e.g.,device 100) with a touch-sensitive display 112. FIG. 11Z illustratesuser interface 3040 displayed on touch-sensitive display 112 (e.g.,display 112) of a device (e.g., device 100). User interface 3040includes text display area 3041, in which textual content, such as words3042, is, optionally, displayed. In some embodiments, words 3042 arepart of electronic document 3043 (for example, text document, wordprocessor document, email message, web page, electronic book). Words3042 include word “revidions” 3042-1, which is misspelled as determinedby the device. Word 3042-1 is displayed with underlining to indicatethat it has been determined by the device to be a misspelling.

A gesture performed with contact 3046 is detected on touch-sensitivedisplay 112 at a location over word 3042-1. The gesture includesincrease in intensity of contact 3046 from an intensity below a lightpress intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”) in FIG. 11Z to an intensityabove the light press intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”), as shown inFIG. 11AA. In some embodiments, the device detects an end of the gestureperformed with contact 3046 when the intensity of contact 3046 decreasesbelow the light press intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”), as shown inFIG. 11B. In some embodiments, the device detects an end of the gestureperformed with contact 3046 when the device detects liftoff of contact3046 from touch-sensitive display 112.

In some embodiments, when contact 3046 is detected over word 3042-1, ahaptic indication is, optionally, provided. The haptic indicationindicates to the user that performing a gesture that satisfiespredefined intensity criteria (described below) on misspelled word3042-1 will cause correction of the misspelled word. For example, whencontact 3046 is detected on touch-sensitive display 112 over word3042-1, a detent or slight vibration of touch-sensitive display 112 is,optionally, generated.

While contact 3046 is detected over word 3042-1 the device monitors anintensity of contact 3046 to determine whether or not contact 3046 meetsone or more predefined intensity criteria. In some embodiments, thepredefined intensity criteria are met when a contact has an intensityabove a “word replacement intensity threshold” at a predefined timerelative to liftoff of the contact. For example, the intensity ofcontact 3046 at a predefined time prior to liftoff (e.g., 10 ms) isdetermined to evaluate whether the predefined intensity criteria aremet. In some embodiments, the predefined intensity criteria are met whenthe contact has an intensity above the word replacement intensitythreshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”) at any time during the gesture (while contact3046 is detected over word 3042-1) prior to detecting liftoff of thecontact. For example, the intensity of contact 3046 just prior toliftoff is determined to evaluate whether the predefined intensitycriteria are met. As another example, the maximum intensity of contact3046 prior to liftoff is determined to evaluate whether the predefinedintensity criteria are met.

In FIG. 11Z, contact 3046 is a contact that does not meet the predefinedintensity criteria (e.g., contact 3046 has a maximum intensity belowIT_(D)). In FIGS. 11Z-11BB, the device detects a press input includingan increase in intensity of contact 3006 from an intensity below a lightpress intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”) to an intensity above thelight press intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”) as shown in FIG. 11AAand a decrease in intensity of contact 3006 below the light pressintensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”) as shown in FIG. 11BB. In responseto detecting the gesture performed with contact 3046, when liftoff ofcontact 3046 (ending the gesture) is detected, a user interface forinteracting with word 3042-1 within text display area 3041 is displayed.

In some embodiments, the use interface for interacting with word 3042-1includes a text cursor, insertion point, or the like. For example, textcursor 3048 is, optionally, displayed near word 3042-1 (for example, atthe beginning or end of word 3042-1, within word 3042-1) in response todetection of the increase in intensity of contact 3006 from an intensitybelow a light press intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”) to an intensityabove the light press intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”), as shown inFIG. 11AA. Text cursor 3048 indicates a current location in words 3042at which the user optionally enters additional characters or deletecharacters.

In some embodiments, the use interface for interacting with word 3042-1includes one or more affordances 3052 for interacting with word 3042-1.For example, “Cut” affordance 3052-1, “Copy” affordance 3052-2, and“Paste” affordance 3052-3 is, optionally, displayed near word 3042-1 inresponse to detection of the decrease in intensity of contact 3046 froman intensity above the light press intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”)to an intensity below the light press intensity threshold (e.g.,“IT_(L)”), as shown in FIG. 11BB. A user optionally activates “Cut”affordance 3052-1 to copy word 3042-1 (e.g., to a virtual clipboard forpasting elsewhere) and to delete word 542-1 from words 3042. A useroptionally activates “Copy” affordance 3052-2 to copy word 3042-1 (e.g.,to a virtual clipboard for pasting elsewhere). A user optionallyactivates “Paste” affordance 3052-3 to insert previously copied text(e.g., text copied into a virtual clipboard) to replace word 3042-1.

The user interfaces for interacting with word 3042-1 within text displayarea 3041, described above with reference to FIGS. 11AA-11BB, are but afew examples. Other user interfaces for interacting with word 3042-1,such as the analogues to the user interfaces for interacting with word3042-1 described above with reference to FIGS. 11C-11H, are, optionally,displayed.

FIG. 11CC shows, instead of the gesture performed with contact 3046, agesture performed with contact 3058 detected on touch-sensitive display112. Contact 3058 is detected over word 3042-1. In some embodiments,when cursor 3058 is moved over word 3042-1, a haptic indication is,optionally, provided. The haptic indication indicates to the user thatperforming a gesture that satisfies the predefined intensity criteria onmisspelled word 3042-1 will cause correction of the misspelled word. Forexample, when contact 3058 is detected on touch-sensitive display 112over word 3042-1, a detent or slight vibration of touch-sensitivedisplay 112 is, optionally, generated.

In FIG. 11CC, contact 3058 meets the predefined intensity criteria. Forexample, in some circumstances, the intensity of contact 3058 is belowthe word replacement intensity threshold while contact 3058 is over word3042-1 and the device detects an increase in intensity of contact 3058from an intensity below a word replacement intensity threshold (e.g.,“IT_(D)”) to an intensity above the word replacement intensity threshold(e.g., “IT_(D)”). While contact 3058 remains located over word 3042-1,gesture is, optionally, ended by lifting contact 3058 offtouch-sensitive display 3058 or be reducing the intensity of contact3058 below a light press intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”).

In response to detecting the gesture with contact 3058 (e.g., inresponse to detecting the increase in intensity of contact 3058 aboveIT_(D), or in response to detecting an end of the gesture includingliftoff of contact 3058 or a decrease in intensity of the contact belowIT_(L)), the device corrects the spelling of word 3042-1. For example,the originally misspelled word 3042-1 “revidions” is replaced withcorrectly-spelled “revisions,” as shown in FIG. 11DD. After thecorrection, visual indication of misspelling (e.g., dotted underline)for word 3042-1 ceases to be displayed.

FIGS. 12A-12D are flow diagrams illustrating a method 3100 of wordspelling correction in accordance with some embodiments. The method 3100is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device 300, FIG. 3, orportable multifunction device 100, FIG. 1A) with a display and atouch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the display is a touchscreen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on the display. Insome embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitivesurface. Some operations in method 3100 is, optionally, combined and/orthe order of some operations is, optionally, changed.

As described below, the method 3100 provides an intuitive way to correctword spelling. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user whencorrecting word spelling, thereby creating a more efficienthuman-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices,enabling a user to correct word spelling faster and more efficientlyconserves power and increases the time between battery charges.

The device displays (3102) a plurality of words on the display, wherethe plurality of words include a misspelled word. For example, FIG. 11Ashows words 3002 displayed on display 450. Words 3002 includesmisspelled word 3002-1. FIG. 11Z shows words 3042, which includesmisspelled word 3042-1, displayed on touch-sensitive display 112.

In some embodiments, prior to detecting the gesture, the device displays(3104) a visual indication that performing the gesture on the misspelledword will cause the misspelled word to be corrected (e.g., display avisual indication that the word is misspelled). For example, in FIGS.11A, 11I and 11Z misspelled word 3002-1 is shown with underlining, toindicate that the word is misspelled. The underlining is, optionally,displayed before the gesture is detected.

In some embodiments, the device provides (3106) a haptic indication thatperforming the gesture on the misspelled word will cause the misspelledword to be corrected (e.g., by generating a detent or slight vibrationof the touch-sensitive surface when the user moves the contact so thatthe focus selector moves over the misspelled word, indicating thatapplying pressure to the contact will cause the device to correct themisspelled word). For example, when cursor 3004 is moved over misspelledword 3002-1, a tactile output, such as a detent or a slight vibration,is, optionally, generated on touch-sensitive surface 451, as shown inFIGS. 11B and 11J.

While a focus selector is at a location corresponding to the misspelledword, the device detects (3108) a gesture that includes a contact (e.g.,a finger contact) on the touch-sensitive surface. For example, FIGS.11B-11D show a gesture performed with contact 3006 while cursor 3004 islocated over word 3002-1, and FIG. 11J shows a gesture performed withcontact 3018 while cursor 3004 is located over word 3002-1. As anotherexample, FIG. 11Z shows a gesture performed with contact 3046 whilecontact 3046 is over word 3042-1.

In some embodiments, while detecting (3110) the gesture, the devicedetermines (3112) that the contact has exceeded a first intensitythreshold, and in response to determining that the contact has exceededthe first intensity threshold, displays (3114) a preview of a firstcorrection for the misspelled word (e.g., a first replacement word).FIG. 11L, for example, shows contact 3018 that exceeds a first wordpreview intensity threshold (e.g., “IT₁”). In response to adetermination that contact 3018 exceeds the first word preview intensitythreshold (e.g., “IT₁”), replacement word preview 3020-1 (e.g.,“revisions”) is displayed in place of word 3002-1 (e.g., “revidions”).

In some embodiments, while detecting (3110) the gesture, the devicedetermines (3116) that the contact has exceeded a second intensitythreshold, where the second intensity threshold is higher than the firstintensity threshold, and in response to determining that the contact hasexceeded the second intensity threshold, displays (3118) a preview of asecond correction (e.g., a second replacement word) for the misspelledword, wherein the second correction is different from the firstcorrection. FIG. 11M, for example, shows contact 3018 that exceeds asecond word preview intensity threshold (e.g., “IT₂”) that is higherthan the first word preview intensity threshold (e.g., “IT₂”). Inresponse to a determination that contact 3018 exceeds the second wordpreview intensity threshold (e.g., “IT₂”), replacement word preview3020-2 (e.g., “revision”), is displayed in place of word preview 3020-1(e.g., “revisions”).

In some embodiments, after determining that the contact has exceeded(3120) the first intensity threshold and prior to detecting an end ofthe gesture, the device detects (3122) a decrease in intensity of thecontact below a correction-cancellation intensity threshold andmaintenance of the intensity of the contact below thecorrection-cancellation intensity threshold for at least a predefinedtime. In some embodiments, the correction-cancellation intensitythreshold is the same as the first intensity threshold. In someembodiments, the correction-cancellation intensity threshold isdifferent from the first intensity threshold (e.g., so as to providesome hysteresis for the correction selection and thereby reduce jitterwhen the contact intensity is close to the first intensity threshold).For example, FIG. 11N shows contact 3018 with an intensity that hasdecreased, from an intensity above a first word preview intensitythreshold (FIG. 11L), below a correction-cancellation intensitythreshold (e.g., “IT_(C)”). The intensity of contact 3018 is maintainedbelow the correction-cancellation intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(C)”)for at least a predefined time.

In response to detecting a decrease in intensity of the contact belowthe correction-cancellation intensity threshold and maintenance of theintensity of the contact below the correction-cancellation intensitythreshold for at least the predefined time, the device ceases (3124) todisplay the preview of the first correction. In response to detection ofthe decrease in intensity of contact 3018 below thecorrection-cancellation intensity threshold and maintenance of theintensity below the correction-cancellation intensity threshold for atleast the predefined time, word preview 3020-1 ceases to be displayed,as shown in FIG. 11N.

After ceasing to display the preview of the first correction, the devicedetects (3126) an end of the gesture, and in response to detecting theend of the gesture, displays (3128) the user interface for interactingwith the misspelled word within the plurality of words on the display(e.g., without correcting the misspelled word). Thus, in someembodiments, the user is able to preview the correction and slowlydecrease intensity of the contact so as to “cancel” the correction. Forexample, after word preview 3020-1 ceases to be displayed, intensity ofcontact 3018 is decreased below a light press intensity threshold (e.g.,“IT_(L)”) or, optionally contact 3018 is lifted off, ending the gesture.In response to detection of the end of the gesture, a user interface forinteracting with word 3002-1 (for example, affordances 3012-1 thru3012-3) is displayed, as shown in FIG. 11O.

In response (3130) to detecting the gesture, in accordance with adetermination that the contact met (3132) predefined intensity criteria,the device corrects the misspelled word. In some embodiments, thepredefined intensity criteria are met (3134) when the contact had anintensity above a respective intensity threshold (e.g., the wordreplacement intensity threshold) at a predefined time relative toliftoff of the contact (e.g., the device evaluates the intensity of thecontact 10 milliseconds prior to liftoff). Contact 3018, for example,optionally meets the predefined intensity criteria by having anintensity above a word replacement intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”)at a predefined time prior to liftoff of contact 3018. In someembodiments, the predefined intensity criteria are met (3136) when thecontact had an intensity above a respective intensity threshold (e.g.,the word replacement intensity threshold) at any time during the gestureprior to detecting liftoff of the contact (e.g., the device evaluatesthe maximum intensity of the contact prior to liftoff). Contact 3018,for example, optionally meets the predefined intensity criteria byhaving a maximum intensity above the word replacement intensitythreshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”) prior to liftoff of contact 3018.

In some embodiments, correcting the misspelled word includes replacing(3138) the misspelled word with a highest ranked candidate replacementword, where the highest ranked candidate replacement word is determinedby: determining a plurality of candidate replacement words for themisspelled word, ranking the plurality of candidate replacement words,and selecting the highest ranked candidate replacement word from theplurality of candidate replacement words. For example, the replacementword “revisions” that replaces the misspelled word 3002-1 “revidions” inFIGS. 11J-11K is, optionally, a highest ranked candidate replacementword amongst multiple candidate replacement words. The candidatereplacement words are, optionally, determined from a dictionary ondevice 300 and ranked according to, for example, usage frequency andedit distance to the originally misspelled word. In some embodiments,the determining, ranking, and selecting steps typically occur prior todetecting the gesture, rather than in response to detecting the gesture.Thus, in some embodiments, for a given misspelled word, the devicedetermines the highest ranked candidate replacement word prior todetecting the gesture that corrects the misspelling.

In contrast, in accordance with a determination that the contact did notmeet the predefined intensity criteria, the device displays (3140) auser interface for interacting with the misspelled word within theplurality of words on the display. For example, FIG. 11K shows word3002-1 corrected with the replacement word “revisions” in response todetection of the gesture with contact 3018, which meets the predefinedintensity criteria, while FIGS. 11C-11H show examples of user interfacesfor interacting with word 3002-1 that are displayed in response todetection of the gesture with contact 3006, which does not meet thepredefined intensity criteria, as described in greater detail above. Asanother example, FIG. 11DD shows word 3042-1 corrected with thereplacement word “revisions” in response to detection of the gesturewith contact 3058, which meets the predefined intensity criteria, whileFIGS. 11AA-11BB show examples of user interfaces for interacting withword 3042-1 that are displayed in response to detection of the gesturewith contact 3046, which does not meet the predefined intensitycriteria, as described in greater detail above.

In some embodiments, the user interface for interacting with themisspelled word within the plurality of words includes (3142) one ormore of: an affordance for a replacement word that, when activated,replaces the misspelled word with the replacement word, a text cursordisplayed proximate to the misspelled word, an affordance for copyingand deleting the misspelled word (e.g., a “cut” button), an affordancefor copying the misspelled word, an affordance for replacing themisspelled word with previously copied text (e.g., a paste button), anaffordance for highlighting the misspelled word, an affordance forcreating a note to be associated with the misspelled word, an affordancefor searching the plurality of words using the misspelled word as asearch term, an affordance for searching an information repository usingthe misspelled word as a search term (e.g., submitting the misspelledword to a search engine or Wikipedia), and an affordance for launching aspelling correction user interface for providing a plurality of optionsfor correcting the misspelled word. The user interface for interactingwith word 3002-1 is, optionally, text cursor 3008 (FIG. 11C),replacement word affordance 3010 (FIG. 11D), “Cut” affordance 3012-1(FIG. 11E), “Copy” affordance 3012-2 (FIG. 11E), “Paste” affordance3012-3 (FIG. 11E), “Highlight” affordance 3012-4 (FIG. 11F), “Add Note”affordance 3012-5 (FIG. 11F), “Search Document” affordance 3012-6 (FIG.11F), “Search” affordance 3012-7 (FIG. 11F), and affordance 3014 (FIG.11G) for launching spelling correction options 3016 (FIG. 11H).

In some embodiments, while the gesture is detected, a set of wordsincluding the misspelled word and one or more other misspelled words isselected (3146) (e.g., the user selects a paragraph or multipleparagraphs including multiple misspelled words and is able to correctall of the misspelled words in the selection at once by pressing on theselection). For example, FIGS. 11P-11Q shows selection 3026 of aplurality of words, including words 3002-1 and 3002-2, while a gestureperformed with contact 3024 is detected. Similarly, FIGS. 11S-11T showsselection 3026 a plurality of words, including words 3002-1 and 3002-2,while a gesture performed with contact 3028 is detected.

In response to detecting the gesture, in accordance with a determinationthat the contact met predefined intensity criteria, the device corrects(3148) the misspelled word and the one or more other misspelled words,and in accordance with a determination that the contact did not meet thepredefined intensity criteria, the device displays (3150) a userinterface for interacting with the set of words within the plurality ofwords on the display. For example, in response to detecting the gestureperformed with contact 3024 and in accordance with a determination thatcontact 3024 meets the predefined intensity criteria, words 3002-1 and3002-2 are corrected with replacement words, as shown in FIG. 11R. Inresponse to detecting the gesture performed with contact 3028 and inaccordance with a determination that contact 3028 does not meet thepredefined intensity criteria, a user interface for interacting withselection 3026 (e.g., affordances 3012) is displayed, as shown in FIG.11U.

In some embodiments, correcting the misspelled word in response to thegesture includes displaying (3152) a first correction for the misspelledword (e.g., replacing the misspelled word with a first substitute word).After detecting the gesture, while a focus selector is at a locationcorresponding to the first correction for the misspelled word, thedevice detects (3154) a second gesture that includes a contact on thetouch-sensitive surface. For example, FIG. 11V shows correction“revisions” displayed for word 3002-1 and, after the gesture withcontact 3018 is detected, a second gesture with contact 3030 is detectedon touch-sensitive surface 451 while cursor 3004 is over the correctedword 3002-1. FIG. 11X shows the same thing, but the second gestureincludes contact 3032 instead. Contact 3030 meets the predefinedintensity criteria, and contact 3032 does not meet the predefinedintensity criteria.

In response to detecting the second gesture (3156), in accordance with adetermination that the contact in the second gesture met the predefinedintensity criteria, the device displays (3158) a second correction forthe misspelled word, where the second correction is different from thefirst correction (e.g., replacing the first correction for themisspelled word with a second substitute word different from the firstcorrection for the misspelled word); and in accordance with adetermination that the contact in the second gesture did not meet thepredefined intensity criteria, the device places (3160) a text cursorwithin the first correction for the misspelled word. As shown in FIG.11W, for example, in response to detecting the gesture with contact 3030and in accordance with the determination that contact 3030 meets thepredefined intensity criteria, a different correction “revision” isdisplayed for word 3002-1 (e.g., replacing the previous correction“revisions”). In contrast, as shown in FIG. 11Y, for example, inresponse to detecting the gesture with contact 3032 and in accordancewith the determination that contact 3032 does not meet the predefinedintensity criteria, cursor 3008 is placed and displayed within word3002-1.

In some embodiments, the methods described above with reference to acorrection of a misspelled word are applied in an analogous manner tocorrecting a grammatical error in a sentence or correcting an improperword choice (e.g., replacing “their” with “there”).

It should be understood that the particular order in which theoperations in FIGS. 12A-12D have been described is merely exemplary andis not intended to indicate that the described order is the only orderin which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in theart would recognize various ways to reorder the operations describedherein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processesdescribed herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g.,those listed in the fifth paragraph of the Description of Embodiments)are also applicable in an analogous manner to method 3100 describedabove with respect to FIGS. 12A-12D. For example, the contacts,gestures, intensity thresholds, focus selectors described above withreference to method 3100 optionally has one or more of thecharacteristics of the contacts, gestures, intensity thresholds, focusselectors described herein with reference to other methods describedherein (e.g., those listed in the fifth paragraph of the Description ofEmbodiments). For brevity, these details are not repeated here.

In accordance with some embodiments, FIG. 13 shows a functional blockdiagram of an electronic device 3200 configured in accordance with theprinciples of the various described embodiments. The functional blocksof the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or acombination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of thevarious described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill inthe art that the functional blocks described in FIG. 13 are, optionally,combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of thevarious described embodiments. Therefore, the description hereinoptionally supports any possible combination or separation or furtherdefinition of the functional blocks described herein.

As shown in FIG. 13, an electronic device 3200 includes a display unit3202 configured to display a plurality of words, where the plurality ofwords include a misspelled word; a touch-sensitive surface unit 3204configured to receive gestures, the gestures including contacts; one ormore sensor units 3205 to detect intensity of contacts with thetouch-sensitive surface unit 3204; and a processing unit 3206 coupled tothe display unit 3202, the touch-sensitive surface unit 3204 and thesensor units 3205. In some embodiments, the processing unit 3206includes a detecting unit 3208, a correcting unit 3210, a displayenabling unit 3212, a providing unit 3214, a determining unit 3216, aceasing unit 3218, and a placing unit 3220.

The processing unit 3206 is configured to: while a focus selector is ata location corresponding to the misspelled word, detect a gesture thatincludes a contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit 3204 (e.g., withthe detecting unit 3208). The processing unit 3206 is further configuredto, in response to detecting the gesture: in accordance with adetermination (e.g., with the determining unit 3216) that the contactmet predefined intensity criteria, correct the misspelled word (e.g.,with the correcting unit 3210); and in accordance with a determination(e.g., with the determining unit 3216) that the contact did not meet thepredefined intensity criteria, enable display of a user interface forinteracting with the misspelled word within the plurality of words onthe display unit 3202 (e.g., with the display enabling unit 3212).

In some embodiments, the predefined intensity criteria are met when thecontact had an intensity above a respective intensity threshold at apredefined time relative to liftoff of the contact.

In some embodiments, the predefined intensity criteria are met when thecontact had an intensity above a respective intensity threshold at anytime during the gesture prior to detecting liftoff of the contact.

In some embodiments, the user interface for interacting with themisspelled word within the plurality of words includes one or more of:an affordance for a replacement word that, when activated, replaces themisspelled word with the replacement word, a text cursor displayedproximate to the misspelled word, an affordance for copying and deletingthe misspelled word, an affordance for copying the misspelled word, anaffordance for replacing the misspelled word with previously copiedtext, an affordance for highlighting the misspelled word, an affordancefor creating a note to be associated with the misspelled word, anaffordance for searching the plurality of words using the misspelledword as a search term, an affordance for searching an informationrepository using the misspelled word as a search term, and an affordancefor launching a spelling correction user interface for providing aplurality of options for correcting the misspelled word.

In some embodiments, correcting the misspelled word (e.g., with thecorrecting unit 3210) includes: replacing the misspelled word with ahighest ranked candidate replacement word, where the highest rankedcandidate replacement word is determined (e.g., with the determiningunit 3216) by: determining a plurality of candidate replacement wordsfor the misspelled word; ranking the plurality of candidate replacementwords; and selecting the highest ranked candidate replacement word fromthe plurality of candidate replacement words.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 3206 is configured to: prior todetecting the gesture, enable display of a visual indication thatperforming the gesture on the misspelled word will cause the misspelledword to be corrected (e.g., with the display enabling unit 3212).

In some embodiments, the processing unit 3206 is configured to: providea haptic indication that performing the gesture on the misspelled wordwill cause the misspelled word to be corrected (e.g., with the providingunit 3214).

In some embodiments, the processing unit 3206 is configured to: whiledetecting the gesture: determine that the contact has exceeded a firstintensity threshold (e.g., with the determining unit 3216); and inresponse to determining that the contact has exceeded the firstintensity threshold, enable display of a preview of a first correctionfor the misspelled word (e.g., with the display enabling unit 3212).

In some embodiments, the processing unit 3206 is configured to: whiledetecting the gesture: determine that the contact has exceeded a secondintensity threshold, wherein the second intensity threshold is higherthan the first intensity threshold (e.g., with the determining unit3216); and in response to determining that the contact has exceeded thesecond intensity threshold, enable display of a preview of a secondcorrection for the misspelled word (e.g., with the display enabling unit3212), where the second correction is different from the firstcorrection.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 3206 is configured to: afterdetermining that the contact has exceeded the first intensity thresholdand prior to detecting an end of the gesture: detect a decrease inintensity of the contact below a correction-cancellation intensitythreshold and maintenance of the intensity of the contact below thecorrection-cancellation intensity threshold for at least a predefinedtime (e.g., with the detecting unit 3208); and in response to detectinga decrease in intensity of the contact below the correction-cancellationintensity threshold and maintenance of the intensity of the contactbelow the correction-cancellation intensity threshold for at least thepredefined time, cease to display the preview of the first correction(e.g., with the ceasing unit 3218); and after ceasing to display thepreview of the first correction, detect an end of the gesture (e.g.,with the detecting unit 3208); and in response to detecting the end ofthe gesture, enable display of the user interface for interacting withthe misspelled word within the plurality of words on the display unit3202 (e.g., with the display enabling unit 3212).

In some embodiments, while the gesture is detected, a set of wordsincluding the misspelled word and one or more other misspelled words isselected; and the processing unit 3206 is configured to: in response todetecting the gesture: in accordance with a determination (e.g., withthe determining unit 3216) that the contact met predefined intensitycriteria, correct the misspelled word and the one or more misspelledwords (e.g., with the correcting unit 3210); and in accordance with adetermination (e.g., with the determining unit 3216) that the contactdid not meet the predefined intensity criteria, enable display of a userinterface for interacting with the set of words within the plurality ofwords on the display unit 3202 (e.g., with the display enabling unit3212).

In some embodiments, correcting the misspelled word in response to thegesture includes displaying a first correction for the misspelled word;and the processing unit 3206 is configured to: after detecting thegesture: while a focus selector is at a location corresponding to thefirst correction for the misspelled word, detect a second gesture thatincludes a contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit 3204 (e.g., withthe detecting unit 3208); and in response to detecting the secondgesture: in accordance with a determination that the contact in thesecond gesture met the predefined intensity criteria, enable display ofa second correction for the misspelled word, wherein the secondcorrection is different from the first correction (e.g., with thedisplay enabling unit 3212); and in accordance with a determination thatthe contact in the second gesture did not meet the predefined intensitycriteria, place a text cursor within the first correction for themisspelled word (e.g., with the placing unit 3220).

The operations in the information processing methods described aboveare, optionally implemented by running one or more functional modules ininformation processing apparatus such as general purpose processors(e.g., as described above with respect to FIGS. 1A and 3) or applicationspecific chips.

The operations described above with reference to FIGS. 12A-12D are,optionally, implemented by components depicted in FIGS. 1A-1B or FIG.13. For example, detection operation 3108, correction operation 3132,and displaying operation 3140 are, optionally, implemented by eventsorter 170, event recognizer 180, and event handler 190. Event monitor171 in event sorter 170 detects a contact on touch-sensitive display112, and event dispatcher module 174 delivers the event information toapplication 136-1. A respective event recognizer 180 of application136-1 compares the event information to respective event definitions186, and determines whether a first contact at a first location on thetouch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event,such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respectivepredefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer 180activates an event handler 190 associated with the detection of theevent or sub-event. Event handler 190 optionally utilizes or calls dataupdater 176 or object updater 177 to update the application internalstate 192. In some embodiments, event handler 190 accesses a respectiveGUI updater 178 to update what is displayed by the application.Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in theart how other processes can be implemented based on the componentsdepicted in FIG. 1A

Editing a Field in a Sheet of an Electronic Document

Many electronic devices use graphical user interfaces to displayelectronic documents. In some embodiments, these documents can includesheets however switching between editing the electronic document andtemplates for the electronic document sometimes takes a large number ofdistinct inputs that can be confusing and inefficient for the user. Forexample, a spreadsheet document tracking financial data for a companyoptionally includes several sheets, or pages, with each sheetcorresponding to a different fiscal quarter. Likewise, a presentationdocument, such as a document produced by KEYNOTE available from APPLE,INC can include multiple slides. In some embodiments described below,sheets within the document are linked to default properties of atemplate. For example, a title slide in a presentation document can belinked to default properties of fields within the title slide (e.g., atitle field, sub-title, etc). In some embodiments, these defaultproperties also control properties of fields (e.g., font, boldface, fontsize, location within the slide) within a new title slide created by auser. There is a need for a fast, efficient, convenient manner in whichto determine whether to edit content of a field in a sheet or to editdefault properties of the field in a template for the sheet. Theembodiments described below provide a fast, efficient, convenient mannerin which to determine whether to edit content of a field in a sheet orto edit default properties of the field in a template for the sheetbased on an intensity of a contact while a focus selector is over thefield. In particular, in some embodiments described below, adetermination as to whether to edit content of a field in a sheet or toedit default properties of the field in a template for the sheet is madeby a device based on an intensity of a contact, on the touch-sensitivesurface, associated with the respective field in the respective sheet.

FIGS. 14A-14N illustrate exemplary user interfaces for editing a fieldin a sheet of an electronic document in accordance with someembodiments. The user interfaces in these figures are used to illustratethe processes described below, including the processes in FIGS. 15A-15C.FIGS. 14A-14N include intensity diagrams that show the current intensityof the contact on the touch-sensitive surface relative to a plurality ofintensity thresholds including a respective intensity threshold (e.g.,“IT_(D)”). In some embodiments, operations similar to those describedbelow with reference to “IT_(D)” are performed with reference to adifferent intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”).

In some embodiments, the device is an electronic device with a separatedisplay (e.g., display 450) and a separate touch-sensitive surface(e.g., touch-sensitive surface 451). In some embodiments, the device isportable multifunction device 100, the display is touch-sensitivedisplay system 112, and the touch-sensitive surface includes tactileoutput generators 167 on the display (FIG. 1A). For convenience ofexplanation, the embodiments described with reference to FIGS. 14A-14Nand 15A-15C will be discussed with reference to display 450 and aseparate touch-sensitive surface 451, however analogous operations are,optionally, performed on a device with a touch-sensitive display system112 in response to detecting the contacts described in FIGS. 14A-14N onthe touch-sensitive display system 112 while displaying the userinterfaces shown in FIGS. 14A-14N on the touch-sensitive display system112; in such embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: arespective contact, a representative point corresponding to a contact(e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with arespective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected onthe touch-sensitive display system 112, in place of cursor 5106.

FIG. 14A shows an electronic document 5104 that includes a respectiveslide 5101 and slide representations 5105 (e.g., thumbnail iconscorresponding to associated slides). In this example, electronicdocument 5104 is a presentation document and slide 5101 is a sheetwithin the presentation document. Slide representations 5105-1 through5105-4 correspond to slides within document 5104. Slide representation5105-1, for example, corresponds to slide 5101. Slide representation5105-3 corresponds to a different slide based on the same template asslide 5101 (e.g., a title slide template). Slide representations 5105-2and 5105-4 correspond to still different slides based on one or moredifferent templates. Slide 5101 has a plurality of fields for enteringcontent. For example, field 5103 is a title field and 5107 is a subtitlefield. A user, for example a supervisor reviewing an employee's work,may wish to correct several stylistic and typographical issues withinfields of slide 5101. For example, the manager may want to correct themisspelling of the word “bellwether” (signified by the underlining ofthe word by a spell-checker) in subtitle field 5107 and italicize thecontent of subtitle field 5107 for emphasis. For convenience ofexplanation, in FIGS. 14A-14N reference numbers appended with hyphensand lower case letters (e.g., “5106-a” and “5106-b”) indicate similarelements at different position.

In FIGS. 14A-14B, the device detects movement of contact 5108 across thetouch-sensitive surface 451 while contact 5108 has an intensity betweenIT₀ and IT_(L) and in response to detecting movement of contact 5108,the device moves the focus selector (e.g., cursor 5106) over subtitlefield 5107, as shown in FIG. 14B.

In FIGS. 14B-14C, the device detects a press input including an increasein intensity of contact 5108 from an intensity below IT_(L) to anintensity above IT_(L). In response to detecting the press input, thedevice enters a sheet editing mode and selects the text in subtitlefield 5107 which can then be edited by the user.

In FIG. 14D the user has instructed the device to change a defaultproperty (font style) of a respective field (subtitle field 5107) to acustom property (italics) in a particular sheet (slide 5101). Thedefault property for subtitle fields within title slides using the sametemplate as slide 5101 in general, however, is still non-italicized. Forexample, in some embodiments, if the user were to produce a new slideusing the title slide template that was used for slide 5101, text in thesubtitle field would not be italicized, because the default property ofsubtitle field 5107 has not been changed.

In FIGS. 14E-14G, the device detects a press input including an increasein intensity of contact 5110 from an intensity below IT_(D) to anintensity above IT_(D). In response to detecting the press input, thedevice enters a template editing mode for editing template 5111 (shownin FIG. 14G). FIG. 14F illustrates an example of displaying an animatedtransition corresponding to ceasing to display the portion of therespective sheet and displaying a portion of the template according tosome embodiments. In this example, slide 5101 is “peeled away” from thedisplay, leaving the template 5111 underneath. In some embodiments,slide 5101 “slides away” towards the top or bottom of electronicdocument 5104, template 5111 (shown in FIG. 14G) “slides over” slide5101 from the top or bottom, and slide 5101 fades away (increasestransparency) revealing template 5111 or “dissolves,” revealing template5111. In some embodiments, when the focus selector is over a particularfield (e.g., field 5107 in FIG. 14D) in the sheet prior to displayingtemplate 5111, a corresponding field (e.g., subtitle default field 5117)in template 5111 is selected when the template 5111 is displayed. Insome embodiments, the animation progresses in accordance with anintensity or a change in intensity of contact 5110 on thetouch-sensitive surface.

FIG. 14G illustrates an exemplary template editing mode for editingtemplate 5111. In some embodiments, slide representations 5105-1 and5105-3 are highlighted because they are based on template 5111. Sliderepresentation 5105-2 and 5105-4 are not highlighted because they arebased on a different template. In some embodiments, the template editingmode includes a template switching interface 5113. Template switchinginterface 5113 contains at least one default template. For example,template switching interface 5113 in FIG. 14G includes default templates5115-1, 5115-2 and 5115-3.

In FIGS. 14G-14H, the device detects movement of contact 5112 across thetouch-sensitive surface 451 while contact 5112 has an intensity betweenIT₀ and IT_(L) and in response to detecting movement of contact 5112,the device moves the focus selector (e.g., cursor 5106) from subtitledefault field 5117 to fill palette 5119, as shown in FIG. 14H.

In FIGS. 14H-14I, the device detects a press input including an increasein intensity of contact 5112 from an intensity below IT_(L) to anintensity above IT_(L) while subtitle default field 5117 is active andthe focus selector (e.g., cursor 5106) is over fill palette 5119. Inresponse to detecting the press input, the device changes a fillproperty of subtitle default field 5117 (e.g., from a white fill to agray fill). The same property is also changed in the respective subtitlefields of the slides corresponding to slide representations 5105-1 and5105-3.

In FIGS. 14J-14K, the device detects a press input including an increasein intensity of contact 5114 from an intensity below IT_(L) to anintensity above IT_(L) while subtitle default field 5117 is active andthe focus selector (e.g., cursor 5106) is over fill palette 5119. Inresponse to detecting the press input, the device changes a fillproperty of subtitle default field 5117 (e.g., from a white fill to agray fill), as in the previous example. In the example shown in FIG.14J, however, the default fill property of field 5126 in the slidecorresponding to slide representation 5105-3 was previously overridden(e.g., by a user changing the fill property of the field while theapplication was in a sheet editing mode) and the change in the defaultfill property of subtitle default field 5117 does not cause the fillproperty of field 5126 to change.

In FIGS. 14L-14M, the device detects movement of contact 5116 across thetouch-sensitive surface 451 while contact 5116 has an intensity betweenIT₀ and IT_(L) and in response to detecting movement of contact 5116,the device moves the focus selector (e.g., cursor 5106) from fillpalette 5119 to template switching interface 5113, as shown in FIG. 14M.

In FIGS. 14M-14N, the device detects a press input including an increasein intensity of contact 5116 from an intensity below IT_(L) to anintensity above IT_(L) while the focus selector (e.g., cursor 5106) isover template switching interface 5113. In response to detecting thepress input, the properties of template 5111 are replaced withproperties of the default template 5115-2. For example, positionproperties of the title and subtitle default fields are changed, e.g.,from center justified to left justified.

FIGS. 15A-15C are flow diagrams illustrating a method 5200 of editing afield in a sheet of an electronic document in accordance with someembodiments. The method 5200 is performed at an electronic device (e.g.,device 300, FIG. 3, or portable multifunction device 100, FIG. 1A) witha display and a touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, thedisplay is a touch screen display and the touch-sensitive surface is onthe display. In some embodiments, the display is separate from thetouch-sensitive surface. Some operations in method 5200 are, optionally,combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed.

As described below, the method 5200 provides an intuitive way to edit afield in a sheet of an electronic document. The method reduces thecognitive burden on a user when editing a field in a sheet of anelectronic document, thereby creating a more efficient human-machineinterface. For battery-operated electronic devices, enabling a user toediting a field in a sheet of an electronic document faster and moreefficiently conserves power and increases the time between batterycharges.

The device displays (5202) a respective sheet (e.g., slide 5101) of anelectronic document having a plurality of sheets. The respective sheetincludes a plurality of fields (e.g., title field 5103 and subtitlefield 5107, FIG. 14A) for inserting content. The respective sheet islinked to a template that controls default properties of a respectivefield in the plurality of fields (e.g., template 5111 in FIGS. 14G-14N).In some embodiments, the electronic document is a presentation document(5204) and the respective sheet is a slide in the presentation document.In some embodiments, the electronic document is a word processingdocument (5206) and the respective sheet is a page in the wordprocessing document. In some embodiments, the default properties include(5208) one or more of text typeface, text size, text color, bordercolor, border style, border width, fill color, fill style, opacity,paragraph spacing, line spacing, and a text wrapping property. In someembodiments, a plurality of sheets in the electronic document, includingthe respective sheet, are based (5210) on the template, for example, theslides corresponding to slide representations 5105-1 and 5105-3 in FIG.14G. In some embodiments, the device also displays (e.g., on display 450in FIGS. 14A-14N) representations of two or more sheets in theelectronic document, for example, slide representations 5105-1 through5105-4.

The device detects (5212) a gesture that includes a press input from acontact (e.g., a finger contact) on the touch-sensitive surface whilethe focus selector is over the respective field (e.g., the increase inintensity of contact 5108 shown in FIGS. 14B-14C, or the increase inintensity of contact 5110 shown in FIGS. 14E-14F). In response todetecting the gesture on the touch-sensitive surface, the deviceperforms (5214) one or more of operations 5216-5234.

The device determines whether the press input had a maximum intensityduring the gesture that was above a respective intensity threshold(e.g., IT_(D)). In accordance with a determination that the press inputreached an intensity during the gesture that was above the respectiveintensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”), the device enters (5216) atemplate editing mode for editing default properties of the respectivefield in the template. For example, in FIG. 14F, contact 5108 has amaximum intensity that is above IT_(D) and thus the device enters atemplate editing mode, as shown in FIGS. 14G-14N. In some embodiments,entering the template editing mode includes (5218) ceasing to display atleast a portion of the respective sheet, displaying at least a portionof the template and displaying an animated transition corresponding toceasing to display the portion of the respective sheet and displayingthe portion of the template. For example, an animation is displayed ofthe respective sheet peeling back to display the template underneath ordisplay the template appearing on top of the respective sheet (e.g., asshown in FIG. 14F).

In some embodiments, to the device displays, while in template editingmode, visual indicia that particular sheets in the plurality of sheetsare based on the template. For example, in some embodiments, prior todetecting the gesture on the touch-sensitive surface, the device displayrepresentations of a plurality of sheets in the electronic document andwhile in the template editing mode, the device highlights (5220)representations of a subset of the plurality of sheets in the electronicdocument, the subset comprising sheets that are based on the template(e.g., as illustrated in FIGS. 14G-14N where sheets 5105-1 and 5105-3are based on template 5111). In some embodiments, respective sheetrepresentations of the subset of sheets based on the template arealtered to give the appearance of highlighting by altering the border orbody of a given sheet representation (e.g., the border of therepresentations are changed to a bright color to give the impressionthat those sheets are “glowing” or “active”).

In some embodiments, while in the template editing mode, the devicedisplays (5222) a template switching interface that includes arepresentation of the template for the respective sheet, and arepresentation of at least one different template, where selecting arepresentation of a respective template in the template switchinginterface selects the respective template for use as a template for therespective sheet (e.g., in response to detecting selection of a templatefrom the template switching interface, the device selects a differenttemplate for the respective sheet). An illustrative example of atemplate switching interface 5113 is discussed in greater detail withreference to FIGS. 14L-14N.

In some embodiments, a plurality of sheets in the electronic document,including the respective sheet, are based (5224) on the template, andwhile in the template editing mode, the device detects (5226), an inputthat corresponds to a change in a default property of the respectivefield in the template (e.g., a press input corresponding to an increasein intensity of contact 5112 in FIGS. 14H-14I). In response to detectionof the input, the device changes (5228) the default property of therespective field in the template and changes the default property offields corresponding to the respective field in the template in theplurality of sheets in the electronic document that are based on thetemplate (e.g., in FIG. 14I, default properties in fields correspondingto representations of sheets 5105-1 and 5105-3 are changed from a whitefill to a gray fill). In some embodiments, changing the default propertyof a field in a particular sheet where the default property has not beenoverridden changes the field in the particular sheet. For example, ifthe default font color in title field within a slide template (e.g.,template 5111 in FIGS. 14G-14N) is changed from red to green and,furthermore, the font color for the particular instance of the titlefield that is based on the template (e.g., title field 5103 in slide5101) has not been overridden with a custom font color, the change fromred to green is effected in the particular instance of the title fieldas well (e.g., title field 5103 in slide 5101). In some embodiments,changing the default property of a field in a particular sheet where thedefault property has been overridden by a custom property does notoverride or remove the custom property in the particular sheet. Forexample, if the default text color for text in a text box is red but ina particular sheet, a user has changed the color of the text to blue,changing the default text color for text in the text box from red togreen will not affect the color of the text in the text box in theparticular sheet, as the user has already overridden the default textcolor value for that text box on the particular sheet.

As described above, the device determines whether the press input had amaximum intensity during the gesture that was above a respectiveintensity threshold. In accordance with a determination that the pressinput had a maximum intensity during the gesture that was below therespective intensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”), the device enters(5230) a sheet editing mode for editing content of the respective fieldin the respective sheet. In some embodiments, while in the sheet editingmode, the device detects (5232) an input that corresponds to a change ina respective property of the respective field from a default property toa custom property. In response to detecting the input, the devicechanges (5234) the respective property in the respective field in therespective sheet to the custom property without changing the defaultproperty in the respective field in the template (e.g., the defaultproperty in fields corresponding to the respective field in the templatein the plurality of sheets in the electronic document are also notchanged). For example, when the text in subtitle field 5107 isitalicized in FIG. 14D the other subtitle fields in other sheets thatuse the same template are, optionally, not italicized.

It should be understood that the particular order in which theoperations in FIGS. 15A-15C have been described is merely exemplary andis not intended to indicate that the described order is the only orderin which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in theart would recognize various ways to reorder the operations describedherein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processesdescribed herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g.,those listed in the fifth paragraph of the Description of Embodiments)are also applicable in an analogous manner to method 5200 describedabove with respect to FIGS. 15A-15C. For example, the contacts,gestures, user interface objects, intensity thresholds, focus selectors,animations described above with reference to method 600 optionally haveone or more of the characteristics of the contacts, gestures, userinterface objects intensity thresholds, focus selectors, animationsdescribed herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g.,those listed in the fifth paragraph of the Description of Embodiments).For brevity, these details are not repeated here.

In accordance with some embodiments, FIG. 16 shows a functional blockdiagram of an electronic device 5300 configured in accordance with theprinciples of the various described embodiments. The functional blocksof the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or acombination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of thevarious described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill inthe art that the functional blocks described in FIG. 16 are, optionally,combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of thevarious described embodiments. Therefore, the description hereinoptionally supports any possible combination or separation or furtherdefinition of the functional blocks described herein.

As shown in FIG. 16, an electronic device 5300 includes a display unit5302 configured to display a respective sheet of an electronic documenthaving a plurality of sheets, where the respective sheet includes aplurality of fields for inserting content and the respective sheet islinked to a template that controls default properties of a respectivefield of the plurality of fields; a touch-sensitive surface unit 5304configured to receive contacts; one or more sensor units 5305 configuredto detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface unit5304; and a processing unit 5306 coupled to the display unit 5302, thetouch-sensitive surface unit 5304, and the sensor units 5305. In someembodiments, the processing unit 5306 includes a detecting unit 5308, asheet editing unit 5310, a template editing unit 5312, a displayenabling unit 5314, a highlighting unit 5316 and a changing unit 5318.

The processing unit 5306 is configured to, while a focus selector isover the respective field, detect a gesture that includes a press inputfrom a contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit (e.g., with thedetecting unit 5308), and, in response to detecting the gesture on thetouch-sensitive surface unit 5304, the processing unit 5306 isconfigured to, in accordance with a determination that the press inputhad a maximum intensity during the gesture that was below a respectiveintensity threshold, enter a sheet editing mode for editing content ofthe respective field in the respective sheet (e.g., with the sheetediting unit 5310), and in accordance with a determination that thepress input reached an intensity during the gesture that was above therespective intensity threshold, enter a template editing mode forediting default properties of the respective field in the template(e.g., with the template editing unit 5312).

In some embodiments, the electronic document is a presentation documentand the respective sheet is a slide in the presentation document.

In some embodiments, the electronic document is a word processingdocument and the respective sheet is a page in the word processingdocument.

In some embodiments, the default properties include one or more of: texttypeface, text size, text color, border color, border style, borderwidth, fill color, fill style, opacity, paragraph spacing, line spacing,and a text wrapping property.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 5306 is configured to: prior todetecting the gesture on the touch-sensitive surface unit, enabledisplay of representations of two or more sheets in the electronicdocument (e.g., with the display enabling unit 5314); and while in thetemplate editing mode, highlight representations of a subset of theplurality of sheets in the electronic document (e.g., with thehighlighting unit 5316), the subset comprising sheets that are based onthe template.

In some embodiments, entering the template editing mode includes:ceasing to display at least a portion of the respective sheet; enablingdisplay of at least a portion of the template (e.g., with the displayenabling unit 5314); and enabling display of an animated transitioncorresponding to ceasing to display the portion of the respective sheetand displaying the portion of the template (e.g., with the displayenabling unit 5314).

In some embodiments, the processing unit 5306 is configured to, while inthe template editing mode, enable display of a template switchinginterface that includes: a representation of the template for therespective sheet; and a representation of a different template, whereselecting a representation of a respective template in the templateswitching interface causes the processing unit 5306 to select therespective template for use as a template for the respective sheet.

In some embodiments, two or more sheets in the electronic document,including the respective sheet, are based on the template; and theprocessing unit 5306 is configured to, while in the template editingmode: detect an input that corresponds to a change in a default propertyof the respective field in the template (e.g., with the detecting unit5308); and in response to detecting the input: change the defaultproperty of the respective field in the template (e.g., with thechanging unit 5318); and change the default property of fieldscorresponding to the respective field in the template in the two or moresheets in the electronic document that are based on the template (e.g.,with the changing unit 5318).

In some embodiments, the processing unit 5306 is configured to, while inthe sheet editing mode: detect an input (e.g., with the detecting unit5308) that corresponds to a change in a respective property of therespective field from a default property to a custom property; and inresponse to detecting the input, change (e.g., with the changing unit5318) the respective property in the respective field in the respectivesheet to the custom property without changing the default property inthe respective field in the template.

The operations in the information processing methods described aboveare, optionally implemented by running one or more functional modules ininformation processing apparatus such as general purpose processors(e.g., as described above with respect to FIGS. 1A and 3) or applicationspecific chips.

The operations described above with reference to FIGS. 15A-15C are,optionally, implemented by components depicted in FIGS. 1A-1B or FIG.16. For example, detection operation 5212, template editing modeentering operation 5216, and sheet editing mode entering operation 5230are, optionally, implemented by event sorter 170, event recognizer 180,and event handler 190. Event monitor 171 in event sorter 170 detects acontact on touch-sensitive display 112, and event dispatcher module 174delivers the event information to application 136-1. A respective eventrecognizer 180 of application 136-1 compares the event information torespective event definitions 186, and determines whether a first contactat a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to apredefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a userinterface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected,event recognizer 180 activates an event handler 190 associated with thedetection of the event or sub-event. Event handler 190 optionallyutilizes or calls data updater 176 or object updater 177 to update theapplication internal state 192. In some embodiments, event handler 190accesses a respective GUI updater 178 to update what is displayed by theapplication. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinaryskill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on thecomponents depicted in FIGS. 1A-1B.

Changing Text Wrapping Properties

Many electronic devices use graphical user interfaces to displayelectronic documents. These documents can include different types ofobjects, such as text and images, that are displayed with relationshipsrelative to one another. For instance, the z-layer order of two imagesdetermines which of the images will be displayed on top if the imagesare position to overlap with one another. Text wrapping properties, morespecifically, determine how text is displayed relative to user interfaceobjects. Types of user interface objects include graphical objects suchas images or icons, text boxes, and other objects that are displayedwithin an electronic document. There is often a need to change textwrapping properties in a fast, efficient, and convenient way howeverchanging the text wrapping properties of a user interface objectsometimes takes a large number of distinct inputs that can be confusingand inefficient for the user. The embodiments described below providemethods and user interfaces for changing text wrapping properties of auser interface objects in a fast, efficient, and convenient way based onan intensity of a contact while a focus selector is over the userinterface object. For example, when a device has sensors that can detectthe intensity of a contact with a touch-sensitive surface, the devicecan change text wrapping properties of an object in accordance withchanges in intensity of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface. Thismethod streamlines the process of changing text wrapping properties ofan object by navigating through menus or memorizing keyboard shortcuts,thereby eliminating the need for extra, separate steps to change textwrapping properties of an object.

FIG. 17A-17K illustrate an exemplary user interfaces for changing thetext wrapping properties of a user interface object in accordance withsome embodiments. The user interfaces in these figures are used toillustrate processes described below, including the processes describedwith reference to FIGS. 18A-18B. FIGS. 17A-17K include intensitydiagrams that show the current intensity of the contact on thetouch-sensitive surface relative to a plurality of intensity thresholdsincluding a predefined activation threshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”). In someembodiments, operations similar to those described below with referenceto IT_(D) are performed with reference to a different intensitythreshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”).

FIGS. 17A-17K show an example of a display 450 and a touch-sensitivesurface 451 of an electronic device (e.g., electronic device 300, FIG. 3or portable multifunction device 100, FIG. 1A). The touch-sensitivesurface 451 includes a touch-sensitive surface with one or more contactintensity sensors 359 (FIG. 3). The display 450 displays an electronicdocument 6300.

In some embodiments, the device is an electronic device with a separatedisplay (e.g., display 450) and a separate touch-sensitive surface(e.g., touch-sensitive surface 451). In some embodiments, the device isportable multifunction device 100, the display is touch-sensitivedisplay system 112, and the touch-sensitive surface includes tactileoutput generators 167 on the display (FIG. 1A). For convenience ofexplanation, the embodiments described with reference to FIGS. 17A-17Kand 18A-18B will be discussed with reference to display 450 and aseparate touch-sensitive surface 451, however analogous operations are,optionally, performed on a device with a touch-sensitive display system112 in response to detecting the contacts described in FIGS. 17A-17K onthe touch-sensitive display system 112 while displaying the userinterfaces shown in FIGS. 17A-17K on the touch-sensitive display system112; in such embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: arespective contact, a representative point corresponding to a contact(e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with arespective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected onthe touch-sensitive display system 112, in place of cursor 6306.

In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed to change thetext wrapping properties of a user interface object 6302 in anelectronic document displayed by an electronic device. In someembodiments, the displayed electronic document includes text 6304 aswell as one or more user interface objects 6302. Text 6304 is displayedproximate to a user interface object 6302 according to a first set oftext wrapping rules. Here, text that is “proximate” to a user interfaceobject includes text that overlaps the user interface object 6302, textthat is overlapped by the user interface object 6302, text that islaterally adjacent to the user interface object 6302, and text thatsurrounds the user interface object 6302. In some embodiments, textwrapping properties of user interface object 6302 indicate, for example,that a paragraph of text proximate to an image in a word processingdocument is to be displayed under the image (e.g., in a z-layer order),laterally adjacent to the image (e.g., surrounding the image, such thatthe user interface object is placed within the text), or on top of theimage (e.g., in a z-layer order), as shown in FIGS. 17A-17C,respectively. Stated another way, a current value of the text wrappingproperties of user interface object 6302 indicates how the paragraph oftext proximate to the image is to be displayed.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 17A-17K, the user interface alsoincludes a displayed representation of a focus selector 6306, responsiveto gestures (e.g., press inputs) on touch-sensitive surface 451, forperforming operations such as selecting a user interface object 6302 andplacing text cursors (e.g., 6314 in FIG. 17K) within text 6304. In someinstances, a displayed representation of the focus selector 6306 is acursor with a position on the display 450 in accordance with pressinputs from touch-sensitive surface 451. Alternatively, in someembodiments a representation of the focus selector is not displayed. Forexample, in embodiments using a touch-sensitive display system, theposition of the focus selector corresponds to the location on thedisplay of the press input. Further, the focus selector is hereindefined to be “over” a user interface object when the position of thefocus selector corresponds to the location on the display of the userinterface object.

FIGS. 17A-17C illustrate changing text wrapping properties of userinterface object 6302 through a plurality of values in accordance withchanges in an intensity of contact 6310 through a plurality of values.For example, in FIG. 17A, user interface object 6302 is displayed on topof text 6304 while the intensity of contact 6310 is below a firstintensity threshold (e.g., “IT_(L)”) and a second intensity threshold(e.g., “IT_(D)”). In response to detecting an increase in intensity ofcontact 6310 above the first intensity threshold while the focusselector (e.g., cursor 6306) is over the user interface object 6302, thedevice changes the text wrapping properties of user interface object6302, so that user interface object 6302 is displayed within text 6304,as illustrated in FIG. 17B. In response to detecting a further increasein intensity of contact 6310 above the second intensity threshold whilethe focus selector (e.g., cursor 6306) is over the user interface object6302, the device changes the text wrapping properties of user interfaceobject 6302, so that user interface object 6302 is displayed underneathtext 6304, as illustrated in FIG. 17C. For ease of explanation, a pressinput performed by a contact (e.g., contact 6310 in FIGS. 17A-17C)corresponding to a contact with an intensity above a predefinedthreshold is sometimes herein referred to as a press input with anintensity above a predefined threshold.

FIGS. 17D-17E illustrate an example of a change in the text wrappingproperties from a first text wrapping property (e.g., “on top of text”)to a second text wrapping property (e.g., “within text”) when a pressinput, corresponding to a contact 6312 with an intensity above apredefined threshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”), is detected while the focusselector (e.g., cursor 6306) is over the user interface object 6302. Inparticular, in FIG. 17D, contact 6312 has an intensity below IT_(D) andin FIG. 17E, contact 6312 has an intensity above IT_(D).

FIGS. 17F-17G illustrate an example of a change in the text wrappingproperties from a first text wrapping property (e.g., “within text”) toa second text wrapping property (e.g., “underneath text”) when a pressinput, corresponding to a contact 6314 with an intensity above apredefined threshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”), is detected while the focusselector (e.g., cursor 6306) is over the user interface object 6302. Inparticular, in FIG. 17F, contact 6314 has an intensity below IT_(D) andin FIG. 17G, contact 6314 has an intensity above IT_(D).

FIGS. 17H-17I illustrate an example of a change in the text wrappingproperties from a first text wrapping property (e.g., “underneath text”)to a second text wrapping property (e.g., “on top of text”) when a pressinput, corresponding to a contact 6316 with an intensity above apredefined threshold (e.g., “IT_(D)”), is detected while the focusselector (e.g., cursor 6306) is over the user interface object 6302. Inparticular, in FIG. 17H, contact 6316 has an intensity below IT_(D) andin FIG. 17I, contact 6316 has an intensity above IT_(D).

FIGS. 17J-17K illustrate examples of performing operations other thanchanging text wrapping properties of a user interface object when acontact has an intensity below the predefined activation threshold(e.g., “IT_(D)”). According to some embodiments, a subsequent gesture,corresponding to a subsequent contact having intensity below theaforementioned predefined activation threshold, (e.g., a subsequentpress input corresponding to contact 6318 or contact 6320, which has anintensity between IT_(L) and IT_(D)) is detected on the touch-sensitivesurface 451. In some circumstances (e.g., when the focus selector 6306is positioned over a respective user interface object, such as userinterface object 6302 in FIG. 17J), in response to detecting asubsequent gesture (e.g., a press input corresponding to an increase ofintensity of contact 6318 above IT_(L), as shown in FIG. 17J), therespective user interface object is selected, as shown in FIG. 17J. Insome other circumstances (e.g. when the focus selector 6306 is positionover a respective paragraph of text as shown in FIG. 17K), in responseto detecting a subsequent gesture (e.g., a press input corresponding toan increase of intensity of contact 6320 above IT_(L), as shown in FIG.17K), a text cursor 6314 is placed in the respective paragraph of text,as shown in FIG. 17K. In some instances, the text cursor 6314 is placedat a location determined by the location of the visual representation ofthe focus selector over the text (e.g. the text cursor 6314 is placed atthe location of the focus selector 6306 on the display in FIG. 17K). Itshould be appreciated that, in some embodiments, other functions areassociated with the subsequent gesture, such as the appearance ofrotation handles or a displaying a copy/cut/paste interface to the user.

FIG. 18A-18B are flow diagrams illustrating a method 6400 of changingthe text wrapping properties of a user interface object in accordancewith some embodiments. The method 6400 is performed at an electronicdevice (e.g. device 300, FIG. 3, or portable multifunction device 100,FIG. 1A) with a display and a touch-sensitive surface. In someembodiments, the display is a touch screen display and thetouch-sensitive surface is on the display. In some embodiments, thedisplay is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. Some operations inmethod 6400 are, optionally, combined and/or the order of someoperations is, optionally, changed.

As described below, the method 6400 provides an intuitive way to changetext wrapping properties of a user interface object. The method reducesthe cognitive burden on a user when changing text wrapping properties ofa user interface object, thereby creating a more efficient human-machineinterface. For battery-operated electronic devices, enabling a user tochange text wrapping properties of a user interface object faster andmore efficiently conserves power and increases the time between batterycharges.

The device displays (6402) a document (e.g., document 6300 in FIG. 17A)that includes text (e.g., 6304 in FIG. 17A) and a user interface object(e.g., object 6302 in FIG. 17A) on the display (e.g., a graphical objectsuch as an image or an icon, or a text box or other object that is to bedisplayed in conjunction with the text of the document). Text proximateto the user interface object is initially displayed in accordance withfirst text wrapping properties of the user interface object. Here, textthat is “proximate” to a user interface object includes text thatoverlaps the user interface object, text that is overlapped by the userinterface object, text that is laterally adjacent to the user interfaceobject, and text that surrounds the user interface object. For example,a paragraph of text proximate to an image in a word processing documentis, optionally, displayed over the image (e.g., in a z-layer order) asshown in FIG. 17A, under the image (e.g., in a z-layer order) as shownin FIG. 17B, laterally adjacent to the image, or above the image asshown in FIG. 17C.

In some embodiments, shown in FIG. 17D, the first text wrappingproperties indicate that the user interface object (e.g., object 6302 inFIG. 17D) is to be displayed on top of the text (e.g., text 6304 in FIG.17D). Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 17F, the first text wrappingproperties indicate that the user interface object (e.g., object 6302 inFIG. 17F) is to be displayed within the text (e.g., text 6304 in FIG.17F). Still another alternative, shown in FIG. 17H, is that the firsttext wrapping properties indicate that the user interface object (e.g.,object 6302 in FIG. 17H) is to be displayed underneath the text (e.g.,6304 in FIG. 17H).

While the focus selector is over the user interface object, the devicedetects (6404) a respective press input from a contact (e.g., a fingercontact) on the touch-sensitive surface with an intensity above apredefined threshold (e.g., an increase in intensity of contact 6310 inFIGS. 17B-17C, contact 6312 in FIG. 17E, contact 6314 in FIG. 17G, orcontact 6316 in FIG. 17I above IT_(D)). In some embodiments, the contactis a finger contact.

In response to the detection of the respective press input, the devicechanges (6406) the text wrapping properties of the user interface objectto second text wrapping properties, distinct from the first textwrapping properties and the device displays text proximate to the userinterface object in accordance with the second text wrapping propertiesof the user interface object. In some embodiments, the first textwrapping properties indicate that the user interface object is to bedisplayed (6408) on top of the text (e.g., the user interface object isdisplayed so that it overlays at least a portion of a block of text, asillustrated in FIG. 17D); and the second text wrapping propertiesindicate that the user interface object is to be displayed within thetext (e.g., text is wrapped around the user interface object, asillustrated in FIG. 17E when contact 6312 increases above IT_(D)). Insome embodiments, the first text wrapping properties indicate that theuser interface object is to be displayed (6410) within the text (e.g.,text is wrapped around the user interface object, as illustrated in FIG.17F); and the second text wrapping properties indicate that the userinterface object is to be displayed underneath the text (e.g., the textis displayed so that it overlays the user interface object, asillustrated in FIG. 17G when contact 6314 increases above IT_(D)). Insome embodiments, the first text wrapping properties indicate that theuser interface object is to be displayed (6412) on top of the text(e.g., the user interface object is displayed so that it overlays atleast a portion of a block of text, as illustrated in FIG. 17A); and thesecond text wrapping properties indicate that the user interface objectis to be displayed underneath the text (e.g., the text is displayed sothat it overlays the user interface object, as illustrated in FIG. 17Cwhen contact 6310 increases above IT_(D)). In some embodiments, thefirst text wrapping properties indicate that the user interface objectis to be displayed (6414) underneath the text (e.g., the text isdisplayed so that it overlays the user interface object, as illustratedin FIG. 17F); and the second text wrapping properties indicate that theuser interface object is to be displayed on top of the text (e.g., theuser interface object is displayed so that it overlays at least aportion of a block of text, as illustrated in FIG. 17G when contact 6316increases above IT_(D)). Thus, in some embodiments, if the userinterface object is already at a “lowest” text wrapping level, a deeppress on the object causes the object to spring back up to the “highest”text wrapping level.

In some embodiments, while the focus selector (e.g., cursor 6306 in FIG.17J) is over the user interface object, the device detects (6416) asubsequent press input from a contact (e.g., a finger contact) on thetouch-sensitive surface with intensity below the predefined activationthreshold (e.g., an increase in intensity of contact 6318 in FIG. 17Jabove IT_(L)), and in response to detecting the subsequent press input,the device selects (6418) the user interface object. For example, inFIG. 17J, user interface object 6302 is selected in response to thepress input corresponding to the increase in intensity of contact 6318.Thus, in the embodiment described above, if the respective press inputhas an intensity below the predefined activation threshold, the userinterface object is selected in response to detecting the respectivepress input, instead of changing the text wrapping properties of theuser interface object. In some embodiments, press inputs detected with acontact intensity below a predefined activation threshold can performtasks commonly and intuitively associated with a low intensity pressinput, such as the selection of an object on a display.

In some embodiments, while the focus selector (e.g., cursor 6306 in FIG.17K) is over the text, the device detects (6420) a subsequent pressinput from a contact (e.g. a finger contact) on the touch-sensitivesurface with intensity below the predefined activation threshold (e.g.,an increase in intensity of contact 6320 in FIG. 17K above IT_(L)); andin response to detecting the subsequent press input, the device places(6422) a cursor in the text at a location corresponding to the focusselector. For example, in FIG. 17K, text cursor 6314 is placed in thetext in response to the press input corresponding to the increase inintensity of contact 6320. Thus, in the embodiment described above, ifthe respective press input has an intensity below the predefinedactivation threshold, a text cursor is inserted into the text inresponse to detecting the respective press input, instead of changingthe text wrapping properties of the user interface object. In someembodiments, press inputs detected with a contact intensity below apredefined activation threshold can perform tasks commonly andintuitively associated with a low intensity press input, such as theplacement of a cursor within text.

It should be understood that the particular order in which theoperations in FIGS. 18A-18B have been described is merely exemplary andis not intended to indicate that the described order is the only orderin which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in theart would recognize various ways to reorder the operations describedherein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processesdescribed herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g.,those listed in the fifth paragraph of the Description of Embodiments)are also applicable in an analogous manner to method 6400 describedabove with respect to FIGS. 18A-18B. For example, the contacts, userinterface objects, intensity thresholds, and focus selectors describedabove with reference to method 6400 optionally have one or more of thecharacteristics of the contacts, user interface objects, intensitythresholds, and focus selectors described herein with reference to othermethods described herein (e.g., those listed in the fifth paragraph ofthe Description of Embodiments). For brevity, these details are notrepeated here.

In accordance with some embodiments, FIG. 19 shows a functional blockdiagram of an electronic device 6500 configured in accordance with theprinciples of the various described embodiments. The functional blocksof the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or acombination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of thevarious described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill inthe art that the functional blocks described in FIG. 19 are, optionally,combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of thevarious described embodiments. Therefore, the description hereinoptionally supports any possible combination or separation or furtherdefinition of the functional blocks described herein.

As shown in FIG. 19, an electronic device 6500 includes a display unit6502 configured to display a document, where the document has at leasttext and a user interface object; a touch-sensitive surface unit 6504configured to receive contacts; one or more sensor units 6505 configuredto detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface unit6504; and a processing unit 6506 coupled to the display unit 6502, thetouch-sensitive surface unit 6504, and the sensor units 6505. In someembodiments, the processing unit 6506 includes a detecting unit 6508, achanging unit 6510, a selecting unit 6512, a display enabling unit 6514,and a cursor placing unit 6516.

The processing unit 6506 is configured to enable display of a documentthat includes text and a user interface object on the display (e.g.,with the display enabling unit 6514), where text proximate to the userinterface object is displayed in accordance with first text wrappingproperties of the user interface object and while a focus selector isover the user interface object, detect the respective press input fromthe contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit 6504 with intensityabove a predefined activation threshold (e.g., with the detecting unit6508). The processing unit 6506 is further configured to, in response todetection of the respective press input, change the text wrappingproperties of the user interface object to second text wrappingproperties (e.g., with the changing unit 6510), distinct from the firsttext wrapping properties, and enable display of text proximate to theuser interface object (e.g., with the display enabling unit 6514) inaccordance with the second text wrapping properties of the userinterface object.

In some embodiments, the first text wrapping properties indicate thatthe user interface object is to be displayed on top of the text; and thesecond text wrapping properties indicate that the user interface objectis to be displayed within the text.

In some embodiments, the first text wrapping properties indicate thatthe user interface object is to be displayed within the text; and thesecond text wrapping properties indicate that the user interface objectis to be displayed underneath the text.

In some embodiments, the first text wrapping properties indicate thatthe user interface object is to be displayed on top the text; the secondtext wrapping properties indicate that the user interface object is tobe displayed underneath the text.

In some embodiments, the first text wrapping properties indicate thatthe user interface object is to be displayed underneath the text; andthe second text wrapping properties indicate that the user interfaceobject is to be displayed on top of the text.

In some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface unit 6504 is furtherconfigured to receive a subsequent press input from a contact on thetouch-sensitive surface unit 6504 with intensity below the predefinedactivation threshold.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 6506 is further configured to:while the focus selector is over the user interface object, detect thesubsequent press input from the contact on the touch-sensitive surfaceunit 6504 with intensity below the predefined activation threshold(e.g., with the detecting unit 6508); and in response to the detectionof the subsequent press input, select the user interface object (e.g.,with the selecting unit 6512).

In some embodiments, the processing unit 6506 is further configured to,while the focus selector is over the text, detect the subsequent pressinput from the contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit 6504 withintensity below the predefined activation threshold (e.g., with thedetecting unit 6508); and in response to the detection of the subsequentpress input, place a cursor in the text at a location corresponding tothe focus selector (e.g., with the cursor placing unit 6516).

The operations in the information processing methods described aboveare, optionally implemented by running one or more functional modules ininformation processing apparatus such as general purpose processors(e.g., as described above with respect to FIGS. 1A and 3) or applicationspecific chips.

The operations described above with reference to FIGS. 17A-17K, 18A-18Bare, optionally, implemented by components depicted in FIGS. 1A-1B orFIG. 19. For example, display operation 6402, detection operation 6404,and text wrapping property changing operation 6406 are, optionally,implemented by event sorter 170, event recognizer 180, and event handler190. Event monitor 171 in event sorter 170 detects a contact ontouch-sensitive display 112, and event dispatcher module 174 deliversthe event information to application 136-1. A respective eventrecognizer 180 of application 136-1 compares the event information torespective event definitions 186, and determines whether a first contactat a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to apredefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a userinterface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected,event recognizer 180 activates an event handler 190 associated with thedetection of the event or sub-event. Event handler 190 optionallyutilizes or calls data updater 176 or object updater 177 to update theapplication internal state 192. In some embodiments, event handler 190accesses a respective GUI updater 178 to update what is displayed by theapplication. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinaryskill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on thecomponents depicted in FIGS. 1A-1B.

It should be understood that the particular order in which theoperations have been described above is merely exemplary and is notintended to indicate that the described order is the only order in whichthe operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the artwould recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein.Additionally, it should be noted that the various processes separatelydescribed herein (e.g., those listed in the fifth paragraph of theDescription of Embodiments) can be combined with each other in differentarrangements. For example, the contacts, user interface objects, tactilesensations, intensity thresholds, and/or focus selectors described abovewith reference to any one of the various processes separately describedherein (e.g., those listed in the fifth paragraph of the Description ofEmbodiments) optionally have one or more of the characteristics of thecontacts, gestures, user interface objects, tactile sensations,intensity thresholds, and focus selectors described herein withreference to one or more of the other methods described herein (e.g.,those listed in the fifth paragraph of the Description of Embodiments).For brevity, all of the various possible combinations are notspecifically enumerated here, but it should be understood that theclaims described above may be combined in any way that is not precludedby mutually exclusive claim features.

The foregoing description, for purpose of explanation, has beendescribed with reference to specific embodiments. However, theillustrative discussions above are not intended to be exhaustive or tolimit the various described embodiments to the precise forms disclosed.Many modifications and variations are possible in view of the aboveteachings. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to bestexplain the principles of the various described embodiments and theirpractical applications, to thereby enable others skilled in the art tobest utilize the various described embodiments with variousmodifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.

What is claimed is:
 1. A non-transitory computer readable storage mediumstoring one or more programs, the one or more programs comprisinginstructions for manipulating framed graphical objects which, whenexecuted by an electronic device with a display, a touch-sensitivesurface and one or more sensors to detect intensities of contacts withthe touch-sensitive surface, cause the electronic device to: display afirst portion of a graphical object inside of a frame on the display;detect a gesture, wherein detecting the gesture includes: detecting acontact on the touch-sensitive surface while a focus selector is overthe graphical object; and detecting movement of the contact across thetouch-sensitive surface; and in response to detecting the gesture thatincludes movement of the contact across the touch-sensitive surface: inaccordance with a determination that the contact meets predefinedintensity criteria, remove the graphical object from the frame; and inaccordance with a determination that the contact does not meet thepredefined intensity criteria, adjust an appearance of the graphicalobject inside of the frame in accordance with the movement of thecontact across the touch-sensitive surface to display a second portionof the graphical object that was not displayed prior to detecting thegesture.
 2. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim1, wherein the movement of the contact of moves the focus selectoroutside of the frame.
 3. The non-transitory computer readable storagemedium of claim 2, wherein the predefined intensity criteria includethat the contact reached an intensity during the gesture above arespective intensity threshold before the focus selector moved outsideof the frame.
 4. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium ofclaim 1, wherein the predefined intensity criteria include that thecontact reached an intensity during the gesture above a respectiveintensity threshold at any point in time during the gesture.
 5. Thenon-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein thepredefined intensity criteria include that the contact reached anintensity during the gesture above a respective intensity thresholdprior to detecting the movement of the contact.
 6. The non-transitorycomputer readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein adjusting theappearance of the graphical object inside of the frame includestranslating the graphical object laterally within the frame.
 7. Thenon-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 1, whereinadjusting the appearance of the graphical object inside of the frameincludes resizing the graphical object within the frame.
 8. Thenon-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 1, includinginstructions which cause the device to, after removing the graphicalobject from the frame: continue to detect movement of the contact,wherein the movement of the contact corresponds to movement of the focusselector; and display a thumbnail image of the graphical object movingon the display in accordance with movement of the focus selector.
 9. Thenon-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 1, includinginstructions which cause the device to: after removing the graphicalobject from the frame, detect an end of the gesture; and in response todetecting the end of the gesture, move the graphical object to adifferent frame.
 10. An electronic device for manipulating framedgraphical objects, comprising: a display; a touch-sensitive surface; oneor more sensors to detect intensities of contacts with thetouch-sensitive surface; one or more processors; memory; and one or moreprograms, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory andconfigured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or moreprograms including instructions for: displaying a first portion of agraphical object inside of a frame on the display; detecting a gesture,wherein detecting the gesture includes: detecting a contact on thetouch-sensitive surface while a focus selector is over the graphicalobject; and detecting movement of the contact across the touch-sensitivesurface; and in response to detecting the gesture that includes movementof the contact across the touch-sensitive surface: in accordance with adetermination that the contact meets predefined intensity criteria,removing the graphical object from the frame; and in accordance with adetermination that the contact does not meet the predefined intensitycriteria, adjusting an appearance of the graphical object inside of theframe in accordance with the movement of the contact across thetouch-sensitive surface to display a second portion of the graphicalobject that was not displayed prior to detecting the gesture.
 11. Thedevice of claim 10, wherein the movement of the contact moves the focusselector outside of the frame.
 12. The device of claim 11, wherein thepredefined intensity criteria include that the contact reached anintensity during the gesture above a respective intensity thresholdbefore the focus selector moved outside of the frame.
 13. The device ofclaim 10, wherein the predefined intensity criteria include that thecontact reached an intensity during the gesture above a respectiveintensity threshold at any point in time during the gesture.
 14. Thedevice of claim 10, wherein the predefined intensity criteria includethat the contact reached an intensity during the gesture above arespective intensity threshold prior to detecting the movement of thecontact.
 15. The device of claim 10, wherein adjusting the appearance ofthe graphical object inside of the frame includes translating thegraphical object laterally within the frame.
 16. The device of claim 10,wherein adjusting the appearance of the graphical object inside of theframe includes resizing the graphical object within the frame.
 17. Thedevice of claim 10, including instructions for, after removing thegraphical object from the frame: continuing to detect movement of thecontact, wherein the movement of the contact corresponds to movement ofthe focus selector; and displaying a thumbnail image of the graphicalobject moving on the display in accordance with movement of the focusselector.
 18. The device of claim 10, including instructions for: afterremoving the graphical object from the frame, detecting an end of thegesture; and in response to detecting the end of the gesture, moving thegraphical object to a different frame.
 19. A method for manipulatingframed graphical objects, comprising: at an electronic device with atouch-sensitive surface and a display, wherein the device includes oneor more sensors to detect intensities of contacts with thetouch-sensitive surface: displaying a first portion of a graphicalobject inside of a frame on the display; detecting a gesture, whereindetecting the gesture includes: detecting a contact on thetouch-sensitive surface while a focus selector is over the graphicalobject; and detecting movement of the contact across the touch-sensitivesurface; and in response to detecting the gesture that includes movementof the contact across the touch-sensitive surface: in accordance with adetermination that the contact meets predefined intensity criteria,removing the graphical object from the frame; and in accordance with adetermination that the contact does not meet the predefined intensitycriteria, adjusting an appearance of the graphical object inside of theframe in accordance with the movement of the contact across thetouch-sensitive surface to display a second portion of the graphicalobject that was not displayed prior to detecting the gesture.
 20. Themethod of claim 19, wherein the movement of the contact moves the focusselector outside of the frame.
 21. The method of claim 19, wherein thepredefined intensity criteria include that the contact reached anintensity during the gesture above a respective intensity thresholdbefore the focus selector moved outside of the frame.
 22. The method ofclaim 21, wherein the predefined intensity criteria include that thecontact reached an intensity during the gesture above a respectiveintensity threshold at any point in time during the gesture.
 23. Themethod of claim 19, wherein the predefined intensity criteria includethat the contact reached an intensity during the gesture above arespective intensity threshold prior to detecting the movement of thecontact.
 24. The method of claim 19, wherein adjusting the appearance ofthe graphical object inside of the frame includes translating thegraphical object laterally within the frame.
 25. The method of claim 19,wherein adjusting the appearance of the graphical object inside of theframe includes resizing the graphical object within the frame.
 26. Themethod of claim 19, including, after removing the graphical object fromthe frame: continuing to detect movement of the contact, wherein themovement of the contact corresponds to movement of the focus selector;and displaying a thumbnail image of the graphical object moving on thedisplay in accordance with movement of the focus selector.
 27. Themethod of claim 19, including: after removing the graphical object fromthe frame, detecting an end of the gesture; and in response to detectingthe end of the gesture, moving the graphical object to a differentframe.